UAVs are increasingly incorporated in a wide range of domains such as disaster management and rescue missions. UAV path planning deals with finding the most optimal or shortest path for UAVs such that minimum energy and resources are utilized. This paper examines the path planning algorithms for UAVs through a literature survey conducted on 139 systematically retrieved articles published in the last decade that are narrowed down to 36 highly relevant articles. As retrieved from the shortlisted articles, the path planning algorithms include RRT, Artificial Potential, Voronoi, D-Star, A-Star, Dijkstra, MILP, Neural Network, Ant Colony Optimization, and Particle Swarm Optimization that are classified into four main types: Model-based, Conventional, Learning-based, and Cell-based. Most of the disaster-related articles are focused on the post-disaster phase only and use conventional and learning-based algorithms with applications to localize victims and optimize paths. Regarding the UAV communication network (UAVCN), the key challenges are communication issues, resource allocation, UAV deployment, defining UAV trajectory, and content security. UAV path planning’s key barriers are path optimization, path completeness, optimality, efficiency, and achieving robustness. Accordingly, a holistic IoT-powered UAV-based smart city management system has been recommended in the current study where all the smart city key components are integrated to address disasters like floods, earthquakes, and bush fire. The proposed holistic system can help prepare for disasters and mitigate them as soon as these arise and help enhance the smart city governance.

无人机越来越广泛地应用于各种领域，例如灾难管理和救援任务。无人机路径规划旨在为无人机找到最佳或最短路径，从而利用最少的能量和资源。本文通过对近十年来发表的139篇系统检索的文章进行的文献调查，研究了无人机的路径规划算法，这些文章被缩小为36篇高度相关的文章。从入围的文章中检索出来的路径规划算法包括RRT，人工势能，Voronoi，D-Star，A-Star，Dijkstra，MILP，神经网络，蚁群优化和粒子群优化，它们分为以下四种主要类型：基于模型，常规，基于学习和基于单元的。大多数与灾难有关的文章仅关注灾后阶段，并结合使用基于应用程序的传统算法和基于学习的算法来定位受害者并优化路径。关于无人机通信网络（UAVCN），主要挑战是通信问题，资源分配，无人机部署，定义无人机轨迹和内容安全性。无人机路径规划的关键障碍是路径优化，路径完整性，最优性，效率以及实现鲁棒性。因此，在当前的研究中，推荐了一种基于物联网的，基于无人机的整体智能城市管理系统，该系统集成了所有智能城市的关键组件，以应对洪水，地震和丛林大火等灾害。