Key message

The present review illustrates an inclusive overview on the progress made in the area of genomics, population genetics, phylogenetics, non-GM biotechnology and genomic resource development in Prosopis cineraria and also suggests how genomic and biotechnological research will accelerate gene discovery, molecular breeding and crop improvement program in P. cineraria.

Abstract

In the era of global climate change, plant resources able to tolerate adverse stressful environments particularly drought, heat, cold and salt stresses have immense importance. The adaptation of plants towards different abiotic stresses depend on the coordination and regulation of multiple stress-responsive genes. The tree species vital to arid environments possess a gene pool representing useful characteristics related to abiotic stresses. Utilization and characterization of genetic resources of plants of arid regions can lead to an increase in our knowledge of the genes that are linked to abiotic stress related traits. Prosopis cineraria is an important tree of Indian Thar desert and is able to survive in adverse environmental conditions. Genomics and identification of genomic resources of this important tree species may be useful in determination of its adaptive evolution under adverse environmental conditions. Little progress has been made for this tree species in the area of population genetics, genomic and genetic resources development in the form of transcriptome sequencing, generation of ESTs against the heat and drought stresses, and identification of genomic SSRs. The feasibility of micropropagation as a non-GM biotechnology has also been demonstrated in P. cineraria. In this review, we also compared the genomic resource development in P. cineraria with other Prosopis species and some other model forest tree species like Populus, Eucalyptus, Quercus, Pinus, Picea, Castanea. However, genomic resource developed in P. cineraria is almost negligible comparatively to other model plants and still considered as less studied species. Although, many stress-responsive genes have been identified in a number of model plants, the native plant species grown naturally under harsh environment are rich source of novel abiotic stress-tolerant genes. More efforts are therefore needed to characterise this tree species using most modern genomic, genetic and biotechnological tools. More genomic research would accelerate gene discovery and molecular breeding in P. cineraria and increase its acceptability as classical tree species at global level for abiotic stress tolerance.

中文翻译：

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瓜叶丙酸杆菌的基因组和生物技术干预：现状，挑战和机遇

关键信息

本综述阐述了Prosopis cineraria的基因组学，种群遗传学，系统发育学，非转基因生物技术和基因组资源开发领域的进展，并提出了基因组学和生物技术研究如何促进基因发现，分子育种和农作物的研究枸杞改良计划。

抽象

在全球气候变化时代，能够忍受不利的胁迫环境，尤其是干旱，高温，寒冷和盐胁迫的植物资源具有极其重要的意义。植物对不同非生物胁迫的适应性取决于多种胁迫响应基因的协调和调节。对干旱环境至关重要的树种拥有一个代表着与非生物胁迫相关的有用特征的基因库。干旱地区植物遗传资源的利用和表征可导致我们对与非生物胁迫相关性状相关的基因的了解增加。瓜叶丙酸杆菌是印度塔尔沙漠的重要树种，能够在不利的环境条件下生存。该重要树种的基因组学和基因组资源的鉴定可能有助于确定其在不利环境条件下的适应性进化。该树种在种群遗传学，基因组和遗传资源开发（以转录组测序的形式，抗高温和干旱胁迫的EST的产生以及基因组SSR的鉴定）方面进展甚微。微型繁殖作为非转基因生物技术的可行性也已经在瓜果假单胞菌中得到证实。在这篇综述中，我们还比较了瓜果疟原虫和其他Prosopis的基因组资源开发林种和其他模式林木树种，如杨树，桉树，栎，松树，云杉，板栗。然而，瓜果假单胞菌的基因组资源得到开发与其他模型植物相比，它几乎可以忽略不计，仍然被认为是研究较少的物种。尽管已经在许多模型植物中鉴定出许多胁迫响应基因，但是在恶劣环境下自然生长的天然植物物种是新型非生物胁迫耐受基因的丰富来源。因此，需要使用最新的基因组学，遗传学和生物技术工具做出更多的努力来表征这种树种。更多的基因组研究将加速瓜叶青霉的基因发现和分子育种，并提高其作为非生物胁迫耐受性的全球经典树种的可接受性。