Rossby waves are a pervasive feature of the large-scale motions of the Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. These waves (also known as planetary waves and r-modes) also play an important role in the large-scale dynamics of different astrophysical objects such as the solar atmosphere and interior, astrophysical discs, rapidly rotating stars, planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres. This paper provides a review of theoretical and observational aspects of Rossby waves on different spatial and temporal scales in various astrophysical settings. The physical role played by Rossby-type waves and associated instabilities is discussed in the context of solar and stellar magnetic activity, angular momentum transport in astrophysical discs, planet formation, and other astrophysical processes. Possible directions of future research in theoretical and observational aspects of astrophysical Rossby waves are outlined.

中文翻译：

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天体物理学中的罗斯比波

罗斯贝波是地球大气和海洋大规模运动的普遍特征。这些波（也称为行星波和 r 模式）还在不同天体物理物体的大规模动力学中发挥重要作用，例如太阳大气和内部、天体物理盘、快速旋转的恒星、行星和系外行星大气。本文综述了各种天体物理环境中不同空间和时间尺度上罗斯比波的理论和观测方面。在太阳和恒星磁活动、天体物理盘中的角动量传输、行星形成和其他天体物理过程的背景下讨论了罗斯比型波所起的物理作用和相关的不稳定性。