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Identification of effective spreaders in contact networks using dynamical influence
Applied Network Science Pub Date : 2021-01-19 , DOI: 10.1007/s41109-021-00351-0
Ruaridh A. Clark , Malcolm Macdonald

Contact networks provide insights on disease spread due to the duration of close proximity interactions. For systems governed by consensus dynamics, network structure is key to optimising the spread of information. For disease spread over contact networks, the structure would be expected to be similarly influential. However, metrics that are essentially agnostic to the network’s structure, such as weighted degree (strength) centrality and its variants, perform near-optimally in selecting effective spreaders. These degree-based metrics outperform eigenvector centrality, despite disease spread over a network being a random walk process. This paper improves eigenvector-based spreader selection by introducing the non-linear relationship between contact time and the probability of disease transmission into the assessment of network dynamics. This approximation of disease spread dynamics is achieved by altering the Laplacian matrix, which in turn highlights why nodes with a high degree are such influential disease spreaders. From this approach, a trichotomy emerges on the definition of an effective spreader where, for susceptible-infected simulations, eigenvector-based selections can either optimise the initial rate of infection, the average rate of infection, or produce the fastest time to full infection of the network. Simulated and real-world human contact networks are examined, with insights also drawn on the effective adaptation of ant colony contact networks to reduce pathogen spread and protect the queen ant.



中文翻译:

利用动态影响识别接触网中的有效扩展器

接触网络提供了有关由于近距离交互作用的持续时间而导致的疾病传播的见解。对于由共识动力学控制的系统,网络结构是优化信息传播的关键。对于通过接触网络传播的疾病,该结构将具有类似的影响力。但是,对于网络结构基本不可知的度量标准(例如加权度(强度)中心性及其变体)在选择有效的扩展器时表现最佳。尽管疾病在网络中传播是随机游走过程,但这些基于程度的指标仍优于特征向量中心性。通过将接触时间和疾病传播概率之间的非线性关系引入网络动力学评估中,改进了基于特征向量的扩展器选择。疾病传播动力学的这种近似是通过改变拉普拉斯矩阵来实现的,这反过来又凸显了为什么高度结节是这种有影响力的疾病传播者。通过这种方法,在有效扩散器的定义上出现了三分法,对于易受感染的模拟,基于特征向量的选择可以优化初始感染率,平均感染率或产生最快时间完全感染网络。考察了模拟的和现实世界中的人类接触网络,并从有效适应蚁群接触网络以减少病原体传播和保护蚁后的见解中获得了见识。这又反过来说明了为什么高度结节如此有影响力的疾病传播者。通过这种方法,在有效扩散器的定义上出现了三分法,对于易受感染的模拟,基于特征向量的选择可以优化初始感染率,平均感染率或产生最快时间完全感染网络。考察了模拟的和现实世界中的人类接触网络,并从有效适应蚁群接触网络以减少病原体传播和保护蚁后的见解中获得了见识。这又反过来说明了为什么高度结节如此有影响力的疾病传播者。通过这种方法,在有效扩散器的定义上出现了三分法,对于易受感染的模拟,基于特征向量的选择可以优化初始感染率,平均感染率或产生最快时间完全感染网络。考察了模拟的和现实世界中的人类接触网络,并从有效适应蚁群接触网络以减少病原体传播和保护蚁后的见解中获得了见识。或产生最快的时间来完全感染网络。考察了模拟的和现实世界中的人类接触网络,并从有效适应蚁群接触网络以减少病原体传播和保护蚁后的见解中获得了见识。或产生最快的时间来完全感染网络。考察了模拟的和现实世界中的人类接触网络,并从有效适应蚁群接触网络以减少病原体传播和保护蚁后的见解中获得了见识。

更新日期:2021-01-19
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