Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species are highly implicated in kidney injuries that include acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, antioxidant agents are promising therapeutic strategies for kidney diseases. Catalytic antioxidants are defined as small molecular mimics of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and some of them function as potent detoxifiers of lipid peroxides and peroxynitrite. Several catalytic antioxidants have been demonstrated to be effective in a variety of in vitro and in vivo disease models that are associated with oxidative stress, including kidney diseases. This review summarizes the evidence for the role of antioxidant enzymes in kidney diseases, the classifications of catalytic antioxidants, and their current applications to kidney diseases.

中文翻译：

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肾脏中的催化抗氧化剂

活性氧和活性氮与肾脏损伤高度相关，包括急性肾损伤，慢性肾脏疾病，高血压性肾病和糖尿病性肾病。因此，抗氧化剂是肾脏疾病的有前途的治疗策略。催化抗氧化剂定义为抗氧化剂酶的小分子模拟物，例如超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，其中一些充当脂质过氧化物和过氧亚硝酸盐的强效解毒剂。几种催化抗氧化剂已被证明在多种与氧化应激有关的体外和体内疾病模型中均有效，包括肾脏疾病。这篇评论总结了抗氧化酶在肾脏疾病中的作用的证据，