When a temperature gradient is applied to a closed circuit comprising two different conductors, a charge current is generated via the Seebeck effect¹. Here, we utilize the Seebeck-effect-induced charge current to drive ‘transverse’ thermoelectric generation, which has great potential for energy harvesting and heat sensing applications owing to the orthogonal geometry of the heat-to-charge-current conversion^{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}. We found that, in a closed circuit comprising thermoelectric and magnetic materials, artificial hybridization of the Seebeck effect into the anomalous Hall effect¹⁰ enables transverse thermoelectric generation with a similar symmetry to the anomalous Nernst effect^{11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27}. Surprisingly, the Seebeck-effect-driven transverse thermopower can be several orders of magnitude larger than the anomalous-Nernst-effect-driven thermopower, which is clearly demonstrated by our experiments using Co₂MnGa/Si hybrid materials. The unconventional approach could be a breakthrough in developing applications of transverse thermoelectric generation.

当温度梯度施加到包括两个不同导体的闭合电路时，通过塞贝克效应¹产生充电电流。在这里，我们利用塞贝克效应感应充电电流来驱动“横向”热电发电，由于热-充电-电流转换的正交几何形状，这在能量收集和热传感应用方面具有巨大潜力^{2,3， 4,5,6,7,8,9}。我们发现，在包含热电和磁性材料的闭合电路中，塞贝克效应与异常霍尔效应^{10 的}人工杂交能够产生与异常能斯特效应相似对称的横向热电发电^{11,12,13,14,15,16 ,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27}. 令人惊讶的是，塞贝克效应驱动的横向热电势可以比反常能斯特效应驱动的热电势大几个数量级，我们使用 Co ₂ MnGa/Si 混合材料的实验清楚地证明了这一点。这种非常规方法可能是开发横向热电发电应用的突破口。