ABSTRACT

Leaching losses of nutrients in the winter crops of tomato and pea cultivated in acidic soils of the eastern plateau and hill region were studied using nonweighing type lysimeters under different nutrient management practices involving the control (T₁), inorganic (T₂), organic (T₃), and integrated (organic + inorganic, T₄) sources of nutrients. The leaching loss of nutrients varied significantly among various fertilizer management practices and the rate of loss differed among the nutrients. The treatment receiving 100%-recommended dose of NPK as inorganic form (T₂) recorded highest N, and K leaching loss of 22.1, 14.8 kg ha⁻¹ in tomato accounting 13.7% and 21.1% of the applied fertilizer, while in pea, it was 9.14 and 10.8 kg ha⁻¹, respectively, accounting 20.3% and 20.4% of the applied fertilizer. The P-leaching loss was comparatively less and the differences among the treatments were statistically nonsignificant. The fruit yield of tomato was significantly highest (44.8 t ha⁻¹) in the treatment with integrated fertilizer sources (T₄), which was 52.7% higher over control (T₁). The pod yield of pea was highest (11.3 t ha⁻¹) in T₃ and was 59.7% higher over control.

摘要

在不同的养分管理措施下，采用非称重式溶度计研究了在东部高原和丘陵地区酸性土壤中种植的番茄和豌豆的冬季作物中养分的淋失，其中包括控制（T ₁），无机（T ₂），有机（T ₂）。 T ₃），以及营养的综合（有机+无机，T ₄）来源。在各种肥料管理实践中，养分的淋失损失差异很大，并且养分的损失率也不同。接受100％推荐剂量的NPK无机形式（T ₂）的处理记录了最高的N和K淋溶损失，即22.1，14.8 kg ha ^-1番茄占施肥的13.7％和21.1％，而豌豆占施肥的9.14和10.8 kg ha ^-1，分别占施肥的20.3％和20.4％。P-浸出损失相对较小，各处理之间的差异在统计学上无统计学意义。在综合肥料源（T ₄）处理下，番茄的果实产量最高（44.8 t ha ^-1），比对照（T ₁）高52.7％。豌豆的荚果产量在T _3中最高（11.3 t ha ^-1），比对照高59.7％。