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Mobilisation of rare earth elements in shear zones: Insights from the Tabouchent granodioritic pluton (Jebilet massif, Variscan Belt, Morocco)
Ore Geology Reviews ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.103996
Abderrahim Essaifi , Alicja M. Lacinska , Michel Corsini , Kathryn M. Goodenough , Amal EL Arbaoui , Rachid Zayane

In the Jebilet massif (Variscan belt, Morocco), two peraluminous granodioritic plutons (the Eastern and Central Jebilet plutons) are spatially associated with a regional shear zone. The Central Jebilet pluton includes the Tabouchent, Bramram and Bamega intrusions, which represent variably eroded portions of an arcuate apical part of the pluton. The intrusions are composed of biotite ± cordierite-bearing granodiorite that is crosscut by tourmaline-bearing leucogranite, which is greisenized in the Bramram cupola. Fluorine, Sn-W (Au) mineralization is present in the pluton while Cu-Au and Pb-Zn-Ag-Au mineralizations are present in the contact metamorphic aureole around the intrusion.

Deformation is more homogeneous in the Bramram and Bamega than in the Tabouchent granodioritic intrusion where deformation is very heterogeneous and concentrated within conjugate subvertical meter-scale ductile shear zones that crosscut the intrusion. In the shear zones the breakdown of feldspar and biotite resulted in the transformation of the granodiorite to phyllonites composed of quartz + muscovite ± chlorite. 40Ar/39Ar dating on white mica allowed us to date the regional shearing event to 305.9 ± 0.9 Ma.

Fluid-rock interaction in the shear zones resulted in mobilization of rare earth elements (REE) and other major and trace elements. Na and Ca are typically leached from the shear zones while K and volatiles are gained. REE mobilisation was decoupled from that of the major elements and was accompanied by fractionation between light and heavy REE. It was mainly controlled by the alteration of magmatic accessory REE-bearing phases, predominantly monazite, followed by the reprecipitation of syntectonic monazite, xenotime, Th + Ca ± REE phosphate, Ce oxide and REE fluorocarbonates. Other typical changes in the shear zones are enrichments in Sn, W, As and Sb.

The mineralogical and chemical changes recorded in the shear zones that crosscut the granodiorite are similar to those associated with the greisenization that affected the Bramram leucogranite. They indicate that the shear zones provide pathways for rising acidic magmatic fluids exsolved from S-type leucogranites.



中文翻译:

剪切带中稀土元素的动员:Tabouchent粒二闪体岩体的见解(Jebilet地块,Variscan Belt,摩洛哥)

在Jebilet地块(摩洛哥,Variscan带)中,两个高铝质粒二叠纪云母(东部和中部Jebilet云母)在空间上与区域剪切带相关。中央Jebilet岩体包括Tabouchent,Bramram和Bamega侵入体,这些岩体代表岩体弧形顶部的可变侵蚀部分。侵入岩由黑云母±堇青石的花岗闪长岩组成,其由碧玺的透明花岗岩横切,在布拉姆拉姆冲天炉中变绿。氟,锡-钨(Au)矿化存在于岩体中,而铜-金和铅-锌-银-金的矿化存在于侵入体周围的接触变质金矿中。

Bramram和Bamega中的变形比Tabouchent花岗岩二向侵入更为均匀,后者的变形非常不均匀并且集中在横切侵入的共轭亚米级延性剪切区内。在剪切带中,长石和黑云母的分解导致花岗闪长岩转变为由石英+白云母±绿泥石组成的重晶石。在白云母上测得的40 Ar / 39 Ar使我们可以将区域剪切事件定为305.9±0.9 Ma。

剪切带中的流体-岩石相互作用导致稀土元素(REE)以及其他主要和微量元素的动员。Na和Ca通常从剪切区浸出,同时获得K和挥发物。稀土元素的动员与主要元素分离,并伴随着轻质和重质稀土元素之间的分离。它的控制主要是通过改变岩浆附生稀土元素的含铁相,主要是独居石,然后再析出组成型独居石,异氰酸盐,Th + Ca±REE磷酸盐,Ce氧化物和REE碳氟酸盐。剪切区的其他典型变化是锡,钨,砷和锑的富集。

横切花岗闪长岩的剪切带中记录的矿物学和化学变化与影响Bramram leucogranite的绿化有关。他们表明剪切带为上升的酸性岩浆流体提供了途径,这些酸性岩浆流体从S型无色花岗岩中溶解出来。

更新日期:2021-01-18
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