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Topological Polymorphism of Nucleosome Fibers and Folding of Chromatin
Biophysical Journal ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.01.008
Victor B Zhurkin 1 , Davood Norouzi 1
Affiliation  

We discuss recent observations of polymorphic chromatin packaging at the oligo-nucleosomal level and compare them with computer simulations. Our computations reveal two topologically different families of two-start 30-nm fiber conformations distinguished by the linker length, L: fibers with L ≈ 10n and L ≈ 10n+5 bp have DNA linking numbers per nucleosome of ΔLk ≈ -1.5 and -1.0, respectively (where n is a natural number). While fibers with ΔLk ≈ -1.5 were observed earlier, the topoisomer with ΔLk ≈ -1.0 is novel. These predictions were confirmed experimentally for circular nucleosome arrays with precisely positioned nucleosomes. We suggest that topological polymorphism of chromatin may play a role in transcription, with the {10n+5} fibers producing transcriptionally competent chromatin structures. This hypothesis is consistent with available data for yeast and partially, for fly. We show that both fiber topoisomers (with ΔLk ≈ -1.5 and -1.0) have to be taken into account to interpret experimental data obtained using new techniques: genome-wide Micro-C, Hi-CO and RICC-seq, as well as self-association of nucleosome arrays in vitro. The relative stability of these topoisomers is likely to depend on epigenetic histone modifications modulating the strength of inter-nucleosome interactions. Potentially, our findings may reflect a general tendency of functionally distinct parts of the genome to retain topologically different higher-order structures.

中文翻译:

核小体纤维拓扑多态性与染色质折叠

我们讨论了最近在寡核小体水平上对多态染色质包装的观察,并将它们与计算机模拟进行了比较。我们的计算揭示了两个拓扑不同的双起始 30 nm 纤维构象家族,其特征在于接头长度 L:L ≈ 10n 和 L ≈ 10n+5 bp 的纤维具有每个核小体的 DNA 连接数 ΔLk ≈ -1.5 和 -1.0 ,分别(其中n是自然数)。虽然较早观察到具有 ΔLk ≈ -1.5 的纤维,但具有 ΔLk ≈ -1.0 的拓扑异构体是新颖的。对于具有精确定位的核小体的圆形核小体阵列,这些预测得到了实验证实。我们认为染色质的拓扑多态性可能在转录中起作用,其中 {10n+5} 纤维产生具有转录能力的染色质结构。这一假设与酵母和部分苍蝇的可用数据一致。我们表明,必须考虑两种纤维拓扑异构体(ΔLk ≈ -1.5 和 -1.0)来解释使用新技术获得的实验数据:全基因组 Micro-C、Hi-CO 和 RICC-seq,以及自我-体外核小体阵列的关联。这些拓扑异构体的相对稳定性可能取决于表观遗传组蛋白修饰调节核小体间相互作用的强度。潜在地,我们的研究结果可能反映了基因组功能不同部分保留拓扑不同的高阶结构的普遍趋势。全基因组 Micro-C、Hi-CO 和 RICC-seq,以及体外核小体阵列的自关联。这些拓扑异构体的相对稳定性可能取决于表观遗传组蛋白修饰调节核小体间相互作用的强度。潜在地,我们的研究结果可能反映了基因组功能不同部分保留拓扑不同的高阶结构的普遍趋势。全基因组 Micro-C、Hi-CO 和 RICC-seq,以及体外核小体阵列的自关联。这些拓扑异构体的相对稳定性可能取决于表观遗传组蛋白修饰调节核小体间相互作用的强度。潜在地,我们的研究结果可能反映了基因组功能不同部分保留拓扑不同的高阶结构的普遍趋势。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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