Trehalose, a nonreducing disaccharide consisting of d-glucose with α,α-1,1 linkage, was evaluated as a functional material to improve the gut environment in preweaned calves. In experiment 1, 173 calves were divided into two groups; the trehalose group was fed trehalose at 30 g/animal/d with milk replacer during the suckling period, and the control group was fed nonsupplemented milk replacer. Medication frequency was lower in the trehalose group (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, calves (n = 20) were divided into two groups (control group [n = 10] and trehalose group [n = 10]) based on their body weight and reared under the same feeding regimens as in experiment 1. Fresh feces were collected from individual animals at the beginning of the trial (average age 11 d), 3 wk after trehalose feeding (experimental day 22), and 1 d before weaning, and the fecal score was recorded daily. Fecal samples were analyzed for fermentation parameters and microbiota. The fecal score was significantly lower in the trehalose group than in the control group in the early stage (at an age of 14 to 18 d; P < 0.05) of the suckling period. Calves fed trehalose tended to have a higher proportion of fecal butyrate on day 22 than calves in the control group (P = 0.08). Population sizes of Clostridium spp. were significantly lower (P = 0.036), whereas those of Dialister spp. and Eubacterium spp. tended to be higher in the feces of calves in the trehalose group on day 22 (P = 0.060 and P = 0.083). These observations indicate that trehalose feeding modulated the gut environment and partially contributed to the reduction in medication frequency observed in experiment 1.

中文翻译：

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代乳粉中添加海藻糖对断奶前犊牛腹泻发生率和粪便微生物群的影响

海藻糖是一种由 d-葡萄糖和 α,α-1,1 连接组成的非还原性二糖，被评估为改善断奶前犊牛肠道环境的功能材料。实验1中，173头犊牛被分为两组；海藻糖组在哺乳期饲喂海藻糖30 g/只/天，配合代乳粉饲喂，对照组饲喂不添加代乳粉。海藻糖组的用药频率较低(P＜0.05)。实验2中，将犊牛（n = 20）根据体重分为两组（对照组[n = 10]和海藻糖组[n = 10]），饲养方式与实验1相同。在试验开始时（平均年龄11天）、海藻糖喂养后3周（实验第22天）和断奶前1天收集个体动物的粪便，每天记录粪便评分。分析粪便样本的发酵参数和微生物群。海藻糖组在哺乳期早期(14～18d；P＜0.05)粪便评分显着低于对照组。饲喂海藻糖的犊牛在第 22 天的粪便丁酸盐比例往往高于对照组的犊牛 (P = 0.08)。梭菌属的种群规模。显着较低（P = 0.036），而 Dialister spp 的显着较低（P = 0.036）。和真杆菌属。第 22 天，海藻糖组犊牛粪便中的 H2O 浓度往往较高（P = 0.060 和 P = 0.083）。这些观察结果表明，海藻糖喂养调节了肠道环境，并部分促成了实验 1 中观察到的用药频率的减少。