We investigate the distribution of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Southern Ocean’s (50° W to 170° W) surface water, including the Antarctic Peninsula and the marginal sea ice zone (MIZ) in the Ross and Amundsen Seas. This is the first high-frequency observation conducted in the austral autumn (in April) in the Southern Ocean. The mean DMS concentration was 2.7 ± 2.5 nM (1 σ) for the entire study area. Noticeably enhanced DMS (5 to 28 nM) concentrations were observed in the MIZ around the Ross and Amundsen Seas and the coastal regions in the Antarctic Peninsula; this could be attributed to biological production of local ice algae, which appears to be supplied with nutrients from glacial or sea ice melt water. These observed DMS inventories were significantly higher (an order of magnitude) than current climatological DMS inventories. The local DMS sources being transported outward from the polynyas, where strong bloom occurs during summer, could result in larger discrepancies between observed DMS and climatological DMS in the MIZ area (in the Amundsen Sea). Overall, this study is the first to highlight the significance of the underestimation of current DMS fluxes in the austral autumn, which consequently results in significant errors in the climate models.

中文翻译：

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南极秋季秋季南海DMS分布的首次高频观测

我们调查了南洋（50°W至170°W）地表水中二甲基硫醚（DMS）的分布，包括南极半岛和罗斯和阿蒙森海的边缘海冰带（MIZ）。这是南大洋地区在秋季（4月）进行的首次高频观测。整个研究区域的DMS平均浓度为2.7±2.5 nM（1σ）。在罗斯和阿蒙森海附近以及南极半岛沿海地区的MIZ中观察到DMS浓度显着提高（5至28 nM）。这可能归因于当地冰藻的生物生产，似乎由冰川或海冰融化水提供了养分。这些观测到的DMS清单明显高于当前的气候DMS清单（一个数量级）。当地的DMS源从多年生盛产的多年生多性藻向外运输，可能导致MIZ地区（阿蒙森海）的观测DMS与气候DMS之间存在较大差异。总的来说，这项研究是第一个强调低估南秋季当前DMS通量的重要性的方法，其结果导致气候模型的重大误差。