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Exploring Diversity in Neolithic Agropastoral Management in Mainland Greece Using Stable Isotope Analysis
Environmental Archaeology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 , DOI: 10.1080/14614103.2020.1867292
Petra Vaiglova 1, 2 , John Coleman 3 , Charlotte Diffey 1 , Vasiliki Tzevelekidi 4 , Melanie Fillios 5 , Maria Pappa 6 , Paul Halstead 7 , Soultana Maria Valamoti 8 , William Cavanagh 9 , Josette Renard 10 , Michael Buckley 11 , Amy Bogaard 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

New stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values of charred plant and bone collagen remains from 6th mill. BCE Halai, central Greece, together with datasets from 6th mill. BCE Kouphovouno, southern Greece, and later 6th/early 5th mill. BCE Makriyalos, northern Greece, demonstrate how early farming communities in mainland Greece adapted mixed farming strategies to distinct local environmental and cultural settings. Intra-site similarities and differences in δ13C and δ15N values of distinct crop species, along with the intra-species variabilities in stable isotopic values, are used to assess the cultivation choices that farmers at the three sites made to fulfil distinct economic goals. At Halai, farmers cultivated multiple crops under variable soil conditions, a strategy likely geared towards minimising overall risk in a relatively arid coastal setting. At better-watered Kouphovouno, by contrast, farmers practiced strategic manuring to maximise the yield of free-threshing wheat, likely grown exclusively for human consumption and rotated with nitrogen-fixing pulses. At Makriyalos, the limited sample size of cereal remains suggests a lack of intensive manuring, in contrast to the two other sites. Assessment of which crops may have been consumed by livestock sheds further light on symbiotic relationships between crop cultivation and animal husbandry.



中文翻译:

使用稳定同位素分析探索希腊大陆新石器时代农牧业管理的多样性

摘要

烧焦的植物和骨骼胶原蛋白的新稳定碳 (δ 13 C) 和氮 (δ 15 N) 同位素值来自 6th mill。BCE Halai,希腊中部,以及来自 6th mill 的数据集。公元前 Kouphovouno,希腊南部,以及后来的第 6 个/第 5 个磨坊。BCE Makriyalos 位于希腊北部,展示了希腊大陆的早期农业社区如何根据不同的当地环境和文化背景调整混合农业策略。δ 13 C和δ 15的位点内异同不同作物物种的 N 值,以及稳定同位素值的物种内变异,被用来评估三个地点的农民为实现不同的经济目标而做出的种植选择。在哈莱,农民在多变的土壤条件下种植多种作物,这一策略可能旨在将相对干旱的沿海环境的总体风险降至最低。相比之下,在灌溉条件较好的 Kouphovouno,农民实行战略性施肥,以最大限度地提高自由脱粒小麦的产量,这些小麦很可能专门为人类消费而种植,并与固氮脉冲轮作。在 Makriyalos,与其他两个地点相比,谷物残留物的样本量有限表明缺乏密集施肥。

更新日期:2021-01-17
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