The possibilities are presented of X‐ray diffraction methods for studying the propagation of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in solids, including diffraction under total external reflection conditions and Bragg diffraction, using acoustically modulated X‐ray multilayer mirrors and crystals. SAW propagation was studied using both meridional and sagittal diffraction geometries where the SAW wavevectors and X‐ray photons are collinear or perpendicular, respectively. SAW propagation in a crystal leads to sinusoidal modulation of the crystal lattice and the appearance of diffraction satellites on the rocking curve. The intensities and angular positions of these diffraction satellites are determined by the SAW wavelength, amplitude and attenuation. Therefore, diffraction methods allow the analysis of the SAW propagation process and determination of SAW parameters. The influence of X‐ray energy on diffraction by acoustically modulated crystals is studied for the first time. It is shown that changes in the X‐ray energy can change the angular region where diffraction satellites exist under conditions of total external reflection. By contrast, in the Bragg diffraction region changes in the X‐ray photon energy lead to changes in the X‐ray penetration depth into the crystal and redistribution of the diffracted intensity among diffraction satellites, but do not change the angular divergence between diffraction satellites on the rocking curve. It is also shown that, in X‐ray diffraction on acoustically modulated crystals on a number of successive reflections, a decrease in interplanar spacing leads to an increase in the number of diffraction satellites and a redistribution of diffracted radiation between them.

中文翻译：

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表面声波的X射线衍射

提出了使用X射线衍射方法研究固体表面声波（SAW）在固体中传播的可能性，包括使用声调制X射线多层反射镜和晶体在全外反射条件下进行衍射和进行布拉格衍射。SAW传播是使用子午线和矢状衍射几何体研究的，其中SAW波矢量和X射线光子分别是共线的或垂直的。SAW在晶体中的传播会导致晶格的正弦调制，并在摇摆曲线上出现衍射卫星。这些衍射卫星的强度和角位置取决于声表面波的波长，幅度和衰减。因此，衍射方法可以分析SAW传播过程并确定SAW参数。首次研究了X射线能量对声调制晶体衍射的影响。结果表明，在全外反射条件下，X射线能量的变化会改变存在衍射卫星的角区域。相比之下，在布拉格衍射区域中，X射线光子能量的变化会导致X射线穿透晶体的深度发生变化，并且衍射卫星之间的衍射强度会重新分布，但不会改变衍射卫星之间的角度发散。摇摆曲线。还表明，在多次连续反射的声调制晶体的X射线衍射中，