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Agent‐based simulator of dynamic flood‐people interactions
Journal of Flood Risk Management ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 , DOI: 10.1111/jfr3.12695
Mohammad Shirvani 1 , Georges Kesserwani 1 , Paul Richmond 2
Affiliation  

This article presents a simulator for the modelling of the two‐way interactions between flooding and people. The simulator links a hydrodynamic model to a pedestrian model in a single agent‐based modelling platform, Flexible Large‐scale Agent Modelling Environment for the Graphical Processing Unit (FLAMEGPU). Dynamic coupling is achieved by the simultaneous update and exchange of information across multiple agent types. Behavioural rules and states for the pedestrian agents are proposed to account for the pedestrians' presence/actions in/to floodwater. These are based on a commonly used hazard rate (HR) metric to evaluate the risk states of people in floodwater, and by considering two roles for the pedestrians: evacuees or responders for action during or before the flood event, respectively. The potential of the simulator is demonstrated in a case study of a flooded and busy shopping centre for two scenarios: (a) during a flood evacuation and (b) pre‐flood intervention to deploy a sandbag barrier. The evacuation scenario points to changes in floodwater hydrodynamics around congested areas, which either worsen (by 5–8%) or lessen (by 25%) the HR. The intervention scenario demonstrates the utility of the simulator to select an optimal barrier height and number of responders for safe and effective deployment. Accompanying details for software accessibility are provided.

中文翻译:

动态洪水人互动的基于Agent的模拟器

本文介绍了一个用于模拟洪水和人与人之间双向交互作用的模拟器。该模拟器在基于代理的单个建模平台(图形处理单元的灵活大型代理建模环境(FLAMEGPU))中将水动力模型链接到行人模型。动态耦合是通过同时跨多种代理类型更新和交换信息来实现的。提议行人代理人的行为规则和状态来说明行人在洪水中的存在/作用。这些是基于常用的危险率(HR)指标来评估洪水中人员的危险状态,并考虑了行人的两个角色:在活动期间或活动期间撤离的人响应者洪水事件之前。该模拟器的潜力在以下两种情况下的案例中得到了证明:在洪水淹没且繁忙的购物中心中,两种情况:(a)在疏散洪水期间和(b)在洪水前进行干预以部署沙袋屏障。疏散情况表明,拥挤地区附近的洪水水动力变化,导致人力资源状况恶化(降低了5–8%)或降低(降低了25%)。干预方案演示了模拟器的实用程序,它可以选择最佳的障碍物高度和响应者数量,以安全有效地进行部署。提供了有关软件可访问性的随附详细信息。
更新日期:2021-01-17
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