Programmed cell death protein‐1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 and cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen‐4 are two immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), exhibiting significant antitumor effects on multiple types of cancers in clinical practice. However, only some patients respond to ICI agents, which limits their widespread application. Recent findings revealed that the gut microbiota is relevant to host health through the modulation of host physical and immune functions. Therefore, the modulation of gut microbiota to achieve the desired taxa may be a potential strategy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies. In this review, we classified the relative microbes according to their taxonomic information and aimed to clarify their modulatory functions and potent effects on ICI immunotherapy by focusing on recent trials investigating the relationships between the gut microbiota and ICIs.

中文翻译：

---

淘金：寻找增强抗肿瘤免疫力的肠道微生物群

程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1/程序性细胞死亡-配体1和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原-4是两种免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs），在临床实践中对多种癌症表现出显着的抗肿瘤作用。然而，只有部分患者对 ICI 药物有反应，这限制了其广泛应用。最近的研究结果表明，肠道微生物群通过调节宿主的身体和免疫功能与宿主健康相关。因此，调节肠道微生物群以实现所需的分类群可能是提高免疫疗法疗效的潜在策略。在这次审查中，