Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved intracellular process and is considered one of the main catabolism pathways. In the process of autophagy, cells are digested nonselectively or selectively to recover nutrients and energy, so it is regarded as an antiaging process. In addition to the essential role of autophagy in cellular homeostasis, autophagy is a stress response mechanism for cell survival. Here, we review recent literature describing the pathway of autophagy and its role in different bone cell types, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. Also discussed is the mechanism of autophagy in bone diseases associated with bone homeostasis, including osteoporosis and Paget's disease. Finally, we discuss the application of autophagy regulators in bone diseases. This review aims to introduce autophagy, summarize the understanding of its relevance in bone physiology, and discuss its role and therapeutic potential in the pathogenesis of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.

中文翻译：

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自噬在骨稳态中的作用

自噬是一种进化上保守的细胞内过程，被认为是主要的分解代谢途径之一。在自噬过程中，细胞被非选择性或选择性消化以恢复营养和能量，因此被认为是一种抗衰老过程。除了自噬在细胞稳态中的重要作用外，自噬是细胞存活的应激反应机制。在这里，我们回顾了最近描述自噬途径及其在不同骨细胞类型（包括成骨细胞、破骨细胞和骨细胞）中的作用的文献。还讨论了自噬在与骨稳态相关的骨病中的机制，包括骨质疏松症和佩吉特病。最后，我们讨论了自噬调节剂在骨病中的应用。本综述旨在介绍自噬，