A new open-loop solar tracking system for a small-scale linear Fresnel reflector with three movements has been designed, fabricated, and simulated. The control system of the solar tracker is governed by a Raspberry Pi together with other auxiliary devices which include a Global Positioning System. The electronic control system consists of a master controller (Raspberry pi 3), 4 slave microcontrollers (Arduino), Global Positioning System module, thermocouples, laser sensors, transversal positioning sensors, and longitudinal positioning sensors. It also allows the communication between these microcontrollers based on long range wireless solutions (XBee). All the electronic circuits have been designed and constructed. The solar tracking system uses offline data. The software has been designed and developed to track the sun path using astronomical equations. In this way, the solar tracking system is able to position itself automatically using the solar position algorithm and the Global Positioning System with an accuracy of ±0.006°. The solar tracking system can be deployed automatically at any location on the Earth. The total cost of the implemented solar tracking system has been calculated. The system performance, in terms of the tracking error, annual energy, energy-to-area ratio and levelized cost of energy has been evaluated. Tracking errors smaller than 0.06 (°) are acceptable (they cause power losses smaller than 1%), whereas errors larger than 0.36 (°) start being noticeable (power losses greater than 3%). The proposed new tracking system gives 16.64% more energy, a 78.46% higher energy-to-area ratio, and a 4.62% less levelized cost of energy that the classic tracking system with one movement used in large-scale linear Fresnel reflectors.

设计，制造和仿真了一种用于小尺寸线性菲涅尔反射镜的三环运动新型开环太阳跟踪系统。太阳追踪器的控制系统由Raspberry Pi以及其他辅助设备（包括全球定位系统）控制。电子控制系统包括一个主控制器（Raspberry pi 3），4个从属微控制器（Arduino），全球定位系统模块，热电偶，激光传感器，横向定位传感器和纵向定位传感器。它还允许基于远程无线解决方案（XBee）在这些微控制器之间进行通信。所有的电子电路均已设计和制造。太阳能跟踪系统使用离线数据。该软件经过设计和开发，可使用天文方程式跟踪太阳路径。通过这种方式，太阳能跟踪系统能够使用太阳能位置算法和全球定位系统自动定位自身，精度为±0.006°。太阳能跟踪系统可以自动部署在地球上的任何位置。已计算出已实施的太阳能跟踪系统的总成本。已经评估了系统性能，包括跟踪误差，年度能源，能源面积比和能源平均成本。小于0.06（°）的跟踪误差是可以接受的（它们会导致功率损耗小于1％），而大于0.36（°）的误差会开始变得明显（功率损耗大于3％）。拟议的新跟踪系统可将能量提高16.64％，为78。