A study was performed to evaluate the clumped model in estimating olive orchard evapotranspiration (ET_a) using meteorological data and high-resolution thermal infrared (TIR) imagery obtained from a camera onboard an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). An experimental site was established within a superintensive drip-irrigated olive (cv. Arbequina) orchard located in the Pencahue Valley (35.49° S, 71.73°W, and 85 m above sea level), Maule Region, Chile. UAV-based TIR images were collected to obtain the land surface temperature at a very high resolution on 12 clear-sky days during the 2015–2016 growing season. Measurements of the latent heat flux (LE) obtained from an eddy covariance (EC) system were analyzed to assess the clumped model. In addition, submodels to calculate the net radiation (R_n) and soil heat flux (G) were evaluated using a four-way net radiometer and soil heat flux plates with soil thermocouples, respectively. Comparisons indicated that the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) values for LE were 37 and 27 W m⁻², respectively, while those for ET_a were 0.44 and 0.35 mm day⁻¹, respectively. Both UAV-based values for R_n and G were estimated with RMSE < 31 W m⁻² and MAE < 18 W m⁻². The relative RMSE (rRMSE) values were 26% for LE, 24% for ET_a, 5% for R_n, and 11% for G. The results suggest that the clumped model based on UAV-based TIR imagery and meteorological data could produce maps with a very high resolution to estimate the intraorchard spatial variability in olive orchard water requirements.

进行了一项研究，使用气象数据和从无人飞行器（UAV）上的摄像头获得的高分辨率热红外（TIR）图像，来评估橄榄果园蒸散量（ET _a）的成簇模型。在智利毛乌勒地区Pencahue谷（南纬35.49°，西纬71.73°，海拔85 m）的超强滴灌橄榄果园中建立了一个实验点。收集了基于无人机的TIR图像，以便在2015-2016年生长季节的12个晴朗天空日以非常高分辨率获得陆地表面温度。分析了从涡动协方差（EC）系统获得的潜热通量（LE）的测量值，以评估聚集模型。另外，子模型可以计算净辐射（R_n）和土壤热通量（ G）分别使用四通网辐射计和带土壤热电偶的土壤热通板进行评估。比较表明，LE的均方根误差（RMSE）和平均绝对误差（MAE）值分别为37和27 W m ^-2，而ET _a的均方根误差分别为0.44和0.35 mm day ^-1。两种基于UAV值ř _Ñ和ģ与RMSE <31女男估计^-2和MAE <18瓦米^-2。LE的相对RMSE（rRMSE）值为LE，ET _a为24％， R _n为5％和G为11％。结果表明，基于基于无人机的TIR图像和气象数据的成簇模型可以产生具有非常高分辨率的地图，以估计果园中橄榄园需水量的果园内空间变异性。