In this article, we study an energy efficient management of two-tier heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) which consist of one macro base station (BS) and multiple micro base stations. This article presents a distributed user association algorithm that maximizes the network-wide energy efficiency (EE) in HetNets. A subset of BSs that support only a small number of users can be turned off to save the energy consumption. By turning off BSs in the HetNet and offloading serving users to adjacent active BSs, the network-wide energy consumption is minimized, while the sum throughput is maximized. To solve the problem efficiently, we introduce a new approach based on a message-passing framework and derive a distributed load balancing algorithm. The proposed method provides a very efficient solution with reduced computational complexity compared to existing schemes. Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm outperforms other conventional load balancing strategies.

中文翻译：

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无线异构网络中能量效率最大化的信念传播

在本文中，我们研究了由一个宏基站 (BS) 和多个微基站组成的两层异构蜂窝网络 (HetNets) 的节能管理。本文介绍了一种分布式用户关联算法，该算法可最大限度地提高 HetNets 中的全网能效 (EE)。可以关闭仅支持少量用户的 BS 子集以节省能量消耗。通过关闭 HetNet 中的 BS 并将服务用户卸载到相邻的活动 BS，网络范围的能量消耗最小化，同时总吞吐量最大化。为了有效地解决这个问题，我们引入了一种基于消息传递框架的新方法，并推导出一种分布式负载平衡算法。与现有方案相比，所提出的方法提供了具有降低的计算复杂度的非常有效的解决方案。仿真结果验证了所提出的算法优于其他传统的负载均衡策略。