The multi-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) beamforming training (BFT) enables an access point (AP) and multiple stations (STAs) to determine appropriate directional antenna patterns; to this end, the AP transmits multiple action frames to the STAs during the MU-MIMO BFT. However, if the antenna weight vectors (AWVs) are determined to transmit the action frames inefficiently, this could lead to unnecessary transmissions, which could increase the BFT time. To mitigate the signaling overhead, the schemes used in our previous work employed AWVs, which use multiple beams simultaneously to transmit the action frames. Nevertheless, these existing schemes are still adversely affected by redundant transmissions because these schemes overlook the transmit diversity gain obtained from multi-beam concurrent transmission. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel transmit antenna configuration scheme that mitigates the signaling overhead by considering the transmit diversity of the inter-symbol interference (ISI) channel incurred when multiple beams are used simultaneously. Our proposed scheme determines each candidate antenna weight vector (AWV) using multiple beams and efficiently identifies the STAs within reach of the corresponding multi-beam concurrent transmission. The numerical and simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme shortens the BFT time in comparison with existing schemes.

中文翻译：

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一种用于 IEEE 802.11ay MU-MIMO 通信的基于链路质量估计的波束成形训练协议

多用户多输入多输出 (MU-MIMO) 波束成形训练 (BFT) 使接入点 (AP) 和多个站 (STA) 能够确定合适的定向天线方向图；为此，AP在MU-MIMO BFT期间向STA发送多个动作帧。然而，如果天线权重向量 (AWV) 被确定为低效地传输动作帧，这可能会导致不必要的传输，这可能会增加 BFT 时间。为了减轻信令开销，我们之前工作中使用的方案采用了 AWV，它同时使用多个波束来传输动作帧。尽管如此，这些现有方案仍然受到冗余传输的不利影响，因为这些方案忽略了从多波束并发传输中获得的传输分集增益。因此，在本研究中，我们提出了一种新颖的发射天线配置方案，该方案通过考虑同时使用多个波束时引起的符号间干扰 (ISI) 信道的发射分集来减轻信令开销。我们提出的方案使用多个波束确定每个候选天线权重向量 (AWV)，并有效地识别相应多波束并发传输范围内的 STA。数值和仿真结果表明，与现有方案相比，我们提出的方案缩短了 BFT 时间。我们提出的方案使用多个波束确定每个候选天线权重向量 (AWV)，并有效地识别相应多波束并发传输范围内的 STA。数值和仿真结果表明，与现有方案相比，我们提出的方案缩短了 BFT 时间。我们提出的方案使用多个波束确定每个候选天线权重向量 (AWV)，并有效地识别相应多波束并发传输范围内的 STA。数值和仿真结果表明，与现有方案相比，我们提出的方案缩短了 BFT 时间。