Precise control of the thermal damage area is the key issue during thermal therapy, which can be achieved by manipulating the light propagation in biological tissue. In the present work, a method is proposed to increase the uniformity of the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution in tumors during laser-induced thermal therapy, which is proved to be effective in reducing the thermal damage of healthy tissue. In addition, a better way of manipulating light propagation in biological tissue is explored. It is found that the anisotropic scattering characteristics of nanoparticles are strongly dependent on their shapes, sizes, orientations, and incident wavelengths, which will strongly affect the light propagation in nanoparticle embedded biological tissue. Therefore, to obtain a better outcome from photothermal therapy, the scattering properties of nanoparticles are very important factors that need to be taken into consideration, along with the absorption efficiency. Further investigation finds that nanoparticles that predominantly scatter to the forward direction are favorable in obtaining a larger penetration depth of light, which will improve the uniformity of SAR and temperature distributions. This paper is meaningful for the application of nanoparticle-assisted laser-induced thermal therapy.

中文翻译：

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纳米粒子在不同形态下的各向异性散射特性：使用正向散射提高热疗过程中肿瘤的温度均匀性

精确控制热损伤区域是热疗过程中的关键问题，这可以通过控制光在生物组织中的传播来实现。在目前的工作中，提出了一种在激光诱导的热疗法中增加肿瘤中比吸收率（SAR）分布的均匀性的方法，该方法被证明可有效减少健康组织的热损伤。另外，探索了操纵光在生物组织中传播的更好方法。发现纳米粒子的各向异性散射特性强烈地依赖于它们的形状，大小，取向和入射波长，这将强烈影响光在纳米粒子嵌入的生物组织中的传播。因此，为了从光热疗法中获得更好的结果，纳米粒子的散射特性以及吸收效率是非常重要的因素。进一步的研究发现，主要向正向散射的纳米粒子有利于获得更大的光穿透深度，这将改善SAR和温度分布的均匀性。本文对于纳米粒子辅助激光诱导热疗法的应用具有重要意义。