The under-ice acoustic transmission experiment of 2013, conducted under ice cover in the Fram Strait, was analyzed for bottom interactions for the purpose of developing a model of the seabed. Using the acoustic signals, as well as data from other sources, including cores, gravimetric, refraction, and seismic surveys, it was deduced that the seabed may be modeled as a thin surficial layer overlaid on a deeper sediment. The modeling was based on the Biot–Stoll model for acoustic propagation in porous sediments, aided by more recent developments that improve parameter estimation and depth dependence due to consolidation. At every stage, elastic and fluid approximations were explored to simplify the model and improve computational efficiency. It was found the surficial layer could be approximated as a fluid, but the deeper sediment required an elastic model. The full Biot–Stoll model, while instrumental in guiding the model construction, was not needed for the final computation. The model could be made to agree with the measurements by adjusting the surficial layer thickness.

中文翻译：

---

从冰下声波传输反演表层沉积物厚度

为了建立海床模型，分析了2013年在弗拉姆海峡冰盖下进行的冰下声音传输实验，以分析底部的相互作用。利用声波信号，以及来自其他来源的数据，包括岩心，重力法，折射法和地震法，可以推断出海床可以建模为覆盖较深沉积物的薄表层。该模型基于Biot–Stoll模型在多孔沉积物中的声传播，并得到了最近的发展的帮助，这些进展改善了固结带来的参数估计和深度依赖性。在每个阶段，都对弹性和流体近似进行了探索，以简化模型并提高计算效率。发现表面层可以近似为流体，但是更深的沉积物需要弹性模型。完整的Biot–Stoll模型虽然可以指导模型的构建，但最终的计算并不需要。通过调整表面层的厚度，可以使模型与测量结果一致。