Studies were conducted during the period 2019/2020 to evaluate the effectiveness of four lures for codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) in pome fruits in Italy and the USA. Multi-component blends of sex pheromone ((E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, PH), pear ester ((E,Z)-2,4-ethyl decadienoate, PE), (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), and pyranoid linalool oxide (6-ethenyl-2,2,6-trimethyloxan-3-ol, LOX) were loaded in either a halobutyl elastomer septum or a PVC matrix and always used in combination with acetic acid (AA) loaded in a closed membrane co-lure. Total moth capture was significantly greater with the PVC than the septum lure loaded with PH/PE + AA in both countries. Female capture in the USA study was significantly greater for 8 weeks in traps baited with the PE/DMNT/LOX blend + AA co-lure than with other lures and adding PH to this blend in a PVC lure significantly reduced female capture. In contrast, female capture in Italy did not differ among lures and counts were similar in both apple and pear crops treated with or without mating disruption. These results suggest that the effectiveness of ‘female removal’ strategies to manage codling moth may be geographically limited and further comparisons are needed in other production regions and in walnut.

中文翻译：

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意大利和美国基于新海洛酮的鱼Cy虫诱饵（鳞翅目：Tor科）的比较

在2019/2020年期间进行了研究，以评估意大利和美国的4种诱饵对苹果果实中的苹果mo蛾（Cydia pomonella L.）的有效性。性信息素的多组分共混物（（ê，ê）-8,10十二碳二烯-1-醇，PH），梨酯（（E，Z）-2,4-乙基癸二烯酸甲酯，PE），（È）-4,8-​​二甲基-1,3,7-壬二烯（DMNT）和吡喃类芳樟醇氧化物（6-乙烯基-2,2,6-三甲基恶烷-3-醇，LOX）装入卤化丁基弹性体隔垫中或PVC基体，通常与封闭膜共吸引中的乙酸（AA）结合使用。在这两个国家中，PVC的总蛾子捕获量明显高于装有PH / PE + AA的隔膜诱饵。在美国研究中，用PE / DMNT / LOX混合物+ AA共诱饵诱捕的陷阱在8周内的捕获率明显高于其他诱饵，并且在PVC诱饵中向该混合物中添加PH显着降低了捕获率。相比之下，意大利的雌性诱饵在诱饵之间没有差异，经过交配或不交配处理的苹果和梨作物中的捕获率相似。