This research explores the nature of collective leadership by examining the boundary conditions of how and when it relates to unit functioning. Building from a contingency perspective that considers the impact of contextual factors, we propose that collective charismatic leadership will be associated with lowered unit conflict, and this relationship will be strengthened by the contingency elements of individual charismatic leadership, task complexity, and social inclusion. Furthermore, we propose that the interactions of collective charismatic leadership with these contextual factors will relate to performance and satisfaction through conflict. We examine our hypotheses across two unit-level field studies, and the results illustrated that high levels of these contextual factors enhanced the negative relationship between collective charismatic leadership and conflict, which generally mediated the relationships between these interactive effects and performance and satisfaction. The results also highlight the detrimental aspects of collective leadership and how it can relate to reduced unit functioning when it is not aligned with an appropriate context. Overall, these findings begin to provide a more complete picture of collective leadership from a contingency perspective through a greater understanding of when and how it is related to unit functioning.

这项研究通过研究与单位职能相关的方式和时间的边界条件，探索了集体领导的本质。从考虑环境因素影响的权变观点出发，我们建议将集体魅力型领导与降低的单位冲突联系起来，并且这种关系将通过个人魅力型领导的权变要素，任务复杂性和社会包容性得到加强。此外，我们提出，集体魅力型领导与这些背景因素的相互作用将与通过冲突的绩效和满意度相关。我们在两个单元级别的实地研究中检验了我们的假设，结果表明，这些环境因素的高水平增强了集体魅力领导与冲突之间的消极关系，这通常介导了这些互动效应与绩效和满意度之间的关系。结果还突出了集体领导的有害方面，以及当它与适当的环境不符时如何与减少的单位职能联系起来。总体而言，这些发现开始从权变的角度，通过对与单位职能相关的时间和方式的更多了解，提供了更完整的集体领导形象。结果还突出了集体领导的有害方面，以及当它与适当的环境不符时如何与减少的单位职能联系起来。总体而言，这些发现开始从权变的角度，通过对与单位职能相关的时间和方式的更多了解，提供了更完整的集体领导形象。结果还突出了集体领导的有害方面，以及当它与适当的环境不符时如何与减少的单位职能联系起来。总体而言，这些发现开始从权变的角度，通过对与单位职能相关的时间和方式的更多了解，提供了更完整的集体领导形象。