Abstract

Deprivation scales usually cover some but not all aspects of poverty. Missing dimensions could affect who is and is not identified as poor. Despite its importance, whether missing dimensions affect the measurement of poverty has not been empirically examined in the EU context. Such an examination requires data on missing dimensions that existing surveys do not usually collect. In this article, I get around this problem with an innovative design and using the rich content of the British Household Panel Survey (1999–2008). I use perceived financial inadequacy as a proxy for poverty and show that, independent of the deprivation status, having a need in healthcare, childcare, social care, or education increases the risk of reporting financial inadequacy. The main explanations for these effects are extra spending and reduced earnings of the families (as a response to having extra needs), and not other biases that might arise from using a self-assessed proxy measure such as scale heterogeneity, personality traits, state dependence, anticipations, or psychological negativity. These findings demonstrate the need for more comprehensive measures. Unless relevant indicators of missing dimensions (e.g. cost-related unmet needs in healthcare) are included in the analysis, deprivation scales might fail to identify some people experiencing poverty.

中文翻译：

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缺少贫困层面？使用感知到的财务状况校准剥夺规模

摘要

贫困程度通常涵盖贫困的某些但并非全部。缺少尺寸可能会影响谁是贫困者，哪些没有被认定为贫困者。尽管它很重要，但缺失的维度是否会影响贫困的衡量尚未在欧盟范围内进行经验检验。此类检查需要现有调查通常不收集的缺少维度的数据。在本文中，我通过创新的设计并使用了英国家庭面板调查（1999-2008）的丰富内容来解决此问题。我用感知到的财务不足来代替贫困，并表明，与贫困状况无关，对医疗，育儿，社会护理或教育的需求增加了报告财务不足的风险。对这些影响的主要解释是家庭的额外支出和收入减少（作为对额外需求的回应），而不是使用自我评估的代理指标可能引起的其他偏见，例如规模异质性，人格特质，国家依赖性，期望或心理否定性。这些发现表明，需要采取更全面的措施。除非分析中缺少缺失维度的相关指标（例如，与成本相关的未满足医疗保健需求），否则剥夺量表可能无法确定一些正在经历贫困的人。这些发现表明，需要采取更全面的措施。除非分析中缺少缺失维度的相关指标（例如，与成本相关的未满足医疗保健需求），否则剥夺量表可能无法确定一些正在经历贫困的人。这些发现表明，需要采取更全面的措施。除非分析中缺少缺失维度的相关指标（例如，与成本相关的未满足医疗保健需求），否则剥夺量表可能无法确定一些正在经历贫困的人。