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Association between the level of attention and dual task costs on postural sway and cognitive yield in children, adolescents and young adults
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 , DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10092
Sílvia Leticia Pavão 1 , Camila R G Lima 2 , Tatiana O Sato 2 , Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira Rocha 2
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Postural stability requires attentional resources. Dual-task paradigms are used to investigate attentional demand of the studied tasks. However, no studies have been conducted on the subjects' level of attention, analyzing its association with dual-task costs (DTC). RESEARCH QUESTION to evaluate attentional level and DTC on postural sway and cognitive yield in children, adolescents and young-adults, investigating age-related differences, and to analyze if the participants' attention level is associated with DTC. METHODS Postural sway and cognitive-yield of 30 children, 24 adolescents and 32 young-adults were assessed in a dual-task paradigm. We calculated DTC on: postural sway and cognitive yield. Attention level was tested using Psychological Battery for Attention Assessment. We tested the association between DTC and attention level. RESULTS Young-adults showed higher DTC on area and velocity of postural sway than children and adolescents. No differences in DTC on cognitive yield were found between the groups. Children showed lower attention levels than adolescents and young-adults. Attention level was negatively associated with DTC on cognitive yield in young-adults. Focused Attention is responsible for 24.4% of the variance in DTC on cognitive yield. CONCLUSION Age impacts DTC on postural stability, but not on cognitive performance. The smaller changes in sway found in children/adolescents when dual-tasking, potentially reflect less developed attentional levels and postural control, which make them performing postural tasks closed to their stability boundaries, and, therefore, make them prioritize stability protection more than adults. Similar DTC on cognition between groups may reflect an equalization of the chosen cognitive task at everyone's difficult level. The lower attention levels of children may reflect an attentional system in development, with prioritization o postural tasks when dual-tasking to maintain stability. Although attention level increases throughout age, attention only predicted DTC on cognition. Better Focused Attention's levels predicted lower DTC on cognitive yield for young-adults.

中文翻译:

儿童、青少年和年轻人的姿势摇摆和认知产出的注意力水平与双重任务成本之间的关联

背景姿势稳定性需要注意资源。双任务范式用于研究所研究任务的注意力需求。然而,尚未对受试者的注意力水平进行研究,分析其与双任务成本 (DTC) 的关联。研究问题评估注意力水平和 DTC 对儿童、青少年和青年人姿势摇摆和认知产量的影响,调查与年龄相关的差异,并分析参与者的注意力水平是否与 DTC 相关。方法 在双任务范式中评估了 30 名儿童、24 名青少年和 32 名年轻成人的姿势摇摆和认知能力。我们计算了 DTC:姿势摇摆和认知产量。使用心理电池进行注意力评估测试注意力水平。我们测试了 DTC 和注意力水平之间的关联。结果 与儿童和青少年相比,年轻成人在姿势摇摆的面积和速度方面表现出更高的 DTC。两组之间没有发现 DTC 对认知产量的差异。儿童的注意力水平低于青少年和青年。注意力水平与 DTC 对青少年认知产出的影响呈负相关。集中注意力对认知产出的 DTC 方差的 24.4% 负责。结论 年龄会影响 DTC 对姿势稳定性的影响,但不会影响认知表现。双重任务时,儿童/青少年的摇摆变化较小,可能反映出注意力水平和姿势控制不够发达,这使得他们执行姿势任务时接近其稳定性边界,因此,让他们比成年人更优先考虑稳定性保护。组间认知的类似 DTC 可能反映了在每个人的困难水平上所选择的认知任务的均等化。儿童较低的注意力水平可能反映了发育中的注意力系统,在双重任务时优先考虑姿势任务以保持稳定性。尽管注意力水平随年龄增长而增加,但注意力仅能预测认知上的 DTC。Better Focused Attention 的水平预测了年轻成人认知产出的 DTC 较低。在双重任务时优先考虑姿势任务以保持稳定性。尽管注意力水平随年龄增长而增加,但注意力仅能预测认知上的 DTC。Better Focused Attention 的水平预测了年轻成人认知产出的 DTC 较低。在双重任务时优先考虑姿势任务以保持稳定性。尽管注意力水平随年龄增长而增加,但注意力仅能预测认知上的 DTC。Better Focused Attention 的水平预测了年轻成人认知产出的 DTC 较低。
更新日期:2021-01-14
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