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Past, present and future role of retinal imaging in neurodegenerative disease
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research ( IF 17.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100938
Amir H Kashani 1 , Samuel Asanad 2 , Jane W Chan 3 , Maxwell B Singer 4 , Jiong Zhang 5 , Mona Sharifi 5 , Maziyar M Khansari 5 , Farzan Abdolahi 4 , Yonggang Shi 5 , Alessandro Biffi 6 , Helena Chui 7 , John M Ringman 7
Affiliation  

Retinal imaging technology is rapidly advancing and can provide ever-increasing amounts of information about the structure, function and molecular composition of retinal tissue in humans in vivo. Most importantly, this information can be obtained rapidly, non-invasively and in many cases using Food and Drug Administration-approved devices that are commercially available. Technologies such as optical coherence tomography have dramatically changed our understanding of retinal disease and in many cases have significantly improved their clinical management. Since the retina is an extension of the brain and shares a common embryological origin with the central nervous system, there has also been intense interest in leveraging the expanding armamentarium of retinal imaging technology to understand, diagnose and monitor neurological diseases. This is particularly appealing because of the high spatial resolution, relatively low-cost and wide availability of retinal imaging modalities such as fundus photography or OCT compared to brain imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography. The purpose of this article is to review and synthesize current research about retinal imaging in neurodegenerative disease by providing examples from the literature and elaborating on limitations, challenges and future directions. We begin by providing a general background of the most relevant retinal imaging modalities to ensure that the reader has a foundation on which to understand the clinical studies that are subsequently discussed. We then review the application and results of retinal imaging methodologies to several prevalent neurodegenerative diseases where extensive work has been done including sporadic late onset Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease and Huntington's Disease. We also discuss Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease and cerebrovascular small vessel disease, where the application of retinal imaging holds promise but data is currently scarce. Although cerebrovascular disease is not generally considered a neurodegenerative process, it is both a confounder and contributor to neurodegenerative disease processes that requires more attention. Finally, we discuss ongoing efforts to overcome the limitations in the field and unmet clinical and scientific needs.



中文翻译:

视网膜成像在神经退行性疾病中的过去、现在和未来的作用

视网膜成像技术正在迅速发展,可以提供越来越多的关于人体视网膜组织结构、功能和分子组成的信息. 最重要的是,这些信息可以快速、无创地获取,并且在许多情况下使用食品和药物管理局批准的市售设备。光学相干断层扫描等技术极大地改变了我们对视网膜疾病的理解,并且在许多情况下显着改善了他们的临床管理。由于视网膜是大脑的延伸并且与中枢神经系统具有共同的胚胎学起源,因此人们也对利用不断扩大的视网膜成像技术设备来了解、诊断和监测神经系统疾病产生了浓厚的兴趣。这是特别有吸引力的,因为高空间分辨率,与磁共振成像或正电子发射断层扫描等脑成像方式相比,眼底照相或 OCT 等视网膜成像方式成本相对较低且应用广泛。本文的目的是通过提供文献中的示例并阐述局限性、挑战和未来方向,回顾和综合当前关于神经退行性疾病视网膜成像的研究。我们首先提供最相关的视网膜成像模式的一般背景,以确保读者有一个理解随后讨论的临床研究的基础。然后,我们回顾了视网膜成像方法在几种流行的神经退行性疾病中的应用和结果,这些疾病已经进行了大量工作,包括散发性迟发性阿尔茨海默病 s 病、帕金森病和亨廷顿舞蹈病。我们还讨论了常染色体显性阿尔茨海默氏病和脑血管小血管病,视网膜成像的应用前景广阔,但目前数据不足。虽然脑血管疾病通常不被认为是神经退行性过程,但它既是神经退行性疾病过程的混杂因素,也是需要更多关注的因素。最后,我们讨论了为克服该领域的局限性和未满足的临床和科学需求而进行的持续努力。虽然脑血管疾病通常不被认为是神经退行性过程,但它既是神经退行性疾病过程的混杂因素,也是需要更多关注的因素。最后,我们讨论了为克服该领域的局限性和未满足的临床和科学需求而进行的持续努力。虽然脑血管疾病通常不被认为是神经退行性过程,但它既是神经退行性疾病过程的混杂因素,也是需要更多关注的因素。最后,我们讨论了为克服该领域的局限性和未满足的临床和科学需求而进行的持续努力。

更新日期:2021-01-15
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