Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that leads to acute diarrhea/vomiting, dehydration, and mortality in seronegative neonatal piglets. As widely known, attempts to culture porcine enteropathogenic coronaviruses, such as PDCoV and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, in cells have been proven to be difficult. This study aimed to establish an efficient and cost-effective culture system for PDCoV using embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) to enable future vaccine production and efficient virus isolation from infected animals. The inoculation of samples into the allantoic cavity of 3- to 7-day-old ECEs yielded efficient virus propagation even from porcine fecal samples. Virus propagation in 2- and 8-day-old ECEs were confirmed in 30.0 % and 11.1 % of the samples, respectively. This indicates that susceptible cells rapidly develop in 2-day-old ECEs and differentiate to mature cells that are nonsusceptible to PDCoV in 8-day-old layer chicken ECEs. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that PDCoV can be passaged in 6-day-old ECEs with high viral replicative efficiency. This technique for propagating PDCoV using ECEs is a powerful tool that could be utilized for PDCoV vaccine development and virus isolation from poultry, livestock, and wild animals.

猪三角洲冠状病毒（PDCoV）是一种新型的猪肠致病性冠状病毒，可导致血清阴性的新生仔猪急性腹泻/呕吐，脱水和死亡。众所周知，尝试在细胞中培养猪肠道致病性冠状病毒，例如PDCoV和猪流行性腹泻病毒是困难的。这项研究旨在为PDCoV建立一个高效且具有成本效益的培养系统，该系统使用胚胎鸡卵（ECE）来实现未来的疫苗生产和从感染动物中有效分离病毒。将样品接种到3至7天大的ECE的尿囊腔中，即使从猪粪便样品中也能有效地传播病毒。在分别有30.0％和11.1％的样本中确认了在2天和8天的ECE中病毒的传播。这表明易感细胞在2天龄的ECE中迅速发育，并分化为对8天龄鸡ECE的PDCoV不敏感的成熟细胞。此外，我们的研究表明，PDCoV可以以高病毒复制效率在6天龄的ECE中传代。这种使用ECE传播PDCoV的技术是一种强大的工具，可用于PDCoV疫苗开发以及从家禽，家畜和野生动物中分离病毒。