Multi-purpose floating platforms are emerging as a promising concept in ocean engineering applications, thanks to their capability of ensuring system integration, cost reduction and modularization. However, their increasing complexity requires the development of numerical tools, which need to be validated experimentally through adequate physical models. New challenges hence arise, since the subsystems integrated in the structure generally follow different scaling laws and may need relatively large physical models to achieve a reliable similitude between the full-scale structure and its physical model counterpart. The latter issue can be critical, because indoor tests in wave tanks and basins constrain the scale factors to the size of the available facilities. Open-sea experiments, albeit challenging because of the uncontrolled environmental conditions, could be a valid complement to the traditional indoor tests. This article proposes a review of the multi-physics scaling strategies for the subsystems usually embedded in multi-purpose floating platforms, i.e. floating support, mooring system, wind turbine, wave energy converter and aquaculture facilities, by providing a critical analysis on the relevance of the scaling factor and of the scaling strategy. The paper may also serve as a guide for practical applications involving one or several of the considered subsystems.

多功能浮动平台具有确保系统集成，降低成本和模块化的能力，在海洋工程应用中正成为有前途的概念。但是，它们日益增加的复杂性要求开发数字工具，这需要通过适当的物理模型进行实验验证。因此出现了新的挑战，因为集成在结构中的子系统通常遵循不同的缩放定律，并且可能需要相对较大的物理模型，才能在完整结构及其物理模型对应物之间实现可靠的相似性。后一个问题可能很关键，因为在波浪罐和水池中进行室内测试会将比例因子限制为可用设施的大小。海上实验 尽管由于不受控制的环境条件而具有挑战性，但可以作为对传统室内测试的有效补充。本文通过对鱼的相关性进行批判性分析，提出了通常用于多功能漂浮平台（即漂浮支撑，系泊系统，风力发电机，波浪能转换器和水产养殖设施）的子系统的多物理场扩展策略的综述。缩放因子和缩放策略。本文还可以作为涉及一个或多个已考虑子系统的实际应用的指南。风力发电机，波浪能转换器和水产养殖设施，通过对比例因子和比例策略的相关性进行批判性分析。本文还可以作为涉及一个或多个已考虑子系统的实际应用的指南。风力发电机，波浪能转换器和水产养殖设施，通过对比例因子和比例策略的相关性进行批判性分析。本文还可以作为涉及一个或多个已考虑子系统的实际应用的指南。