Abstract

A seasonal spring-run (vernal) ecotype of the Steelhead Trout Parasalmo (Oncorhynchus) mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) has been found in western Kamchatka for the first time. Fish of this ecotype perform anadromous migration in May; however, the timing and grounds of spawning of the spring- and fall-run (hiemal) ecotypes in Kamchatka completely overlap. An analysis of microsatellite loci of both ecotypes has shown no differences between them; therefore, they are suggested to represent a single population. The spring- and fall-run steelhead of Kamchatka are not analogous to the winter- and summer-run steelhead of North America. The spring-run ecotype of anadromous steelhead from Kamchatka rivers can be considered a temporal adaptive form that appeared during the warm periods of the large-scale climate and ocean fluctuations in the North Pacific.

中文翻译：

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堪察加半岛上的黑头鳟Parasalmo（Oncorhynchus）mykiss（Walbaum，1792）（Salmonidae，Salmoniformes）的春季生态型

摘要

Steelhead鳟鱼Parasalmo（Oncorhynchus）mykiss的春季春季（春季）生态型（Walbaum，1792年）是在堪察加西部首次发现的。这种生态类型的鱼类在5月进行适量迁移；然而，堪察加半岛春季和秋季（最佳）生态型产卵的时间和地点完全重叠。两种生态型的微卫星基因座分析表明它们之间没有差异。因此，建议他们代表一个整体。堪察加半岛的春季和秋季钢头与北美洲的冬季和夏季钢头不相似。堪察加河上游的顽固性硬头的春季生态型可以认为是一种时间适应性形式，出现在北太平洋大规模气候和海洋波动的温暖时期。