Results from a new astronomical theory of paleoclimate for the last 1, 5, and 20 Myr are presented. Evolutions of obliquity ε and insolation at 65°N \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$Q_{s}^{{65\,{\text{N}}}}$$\end{document} are considered for the summer half year and insolation I at equivalent latitudes over the last 1 Myr; the results are compared with the evolution of these parameters obtained from the former theory. The oscillations in the obliquity ε range from 14.7° to 32.1° according to the new theory and from 22.08° to 24.45° according to the former theory; i.e., the amplitude of oscillations have increased 7–8 times. The insolation oscillations have increased to the same extent. The summer insolation \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$Q_{s}^{{65\,{\text{N}}}}$$\end{document} was used to introduce six (from very cold to very warm) climate gradations. Oscillations in the parameters of orbital and rotational motions of the Earth and various insolation components, as well as their periods and amplitudes, are considered for the last 5 Myr. Orbit eccentricity e varies with periods of 94.6 kyr, 413 kyr, and 2.31 Myr, while the periods of perihelion rotation relative to the equator are nonuniform and vary from 13.8 to 41.8 kyr. These periods can also be found in changes in the obliquity and insolation. The distribution of insolation over the Earth’s latitude for the summer and winter caloric half-years and for the year in three different (modern, coldest, and warmest) epochs is considered. The maximum changes in summer and annual insolation occur at high latitudes. The statistics of coldest and warmest periods are considered for the last 20 Myr. On average, there can be six such periods per 1 Myr; their number can reach 10 in unquiet time intervals and can decrease to 2 in quiet time intervals. The results of measurements of the oxygen isotope 18O content in marine sediments are analyzed. The content of 18O is shown to be inconsistent with the change in the Earth’s insolation according to both the former theory and the new one; in addition, the variation in 18O is inconsistent with known paleoclimate changes. An analysis of short-period variations in radioactive isotopes, as well as 18O in stalagmites and glacial cores, indicates that variations in 18O in marine sediments can be caused by a change in the 18O content in the Earth’s atmosphere, rather than by climate fluctuations.

中文翻译：

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数百万年来地球日照变化与海洋同位素阶段的新理论

介绍了最近 1、5 和 20 Myr 的古气候新天文理论的结果。倾斜 ε 和 65°N 日照的演变 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage {upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$Q_{s}^{{65\,{\text{N}}}}$$\end{document} 被认为是夏季半年和过去 1 Myr 同等纬度的日照 I；结果与从前一理论获得的这些参数的演变进行了比较。根据新理论，倾角 ε 的振荡范围从 14.7° 到 32.1°，根据旧理论从 22.08° 到 24.45°；即，振荡幅度增加了 7-8 倍。日射振荡也同样增加。夏季日晒 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\ oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$Q_{s}^{{65\,{\text{N}}}}$$\end{document} 用来介绍六个（从非常冷到非常温暖）气候等级。最后 5 Myr 考虑了地球轨道和旋转运动参数的振荡以及各种日照分量及其周期和振幅。轨道偏心率 e 随 94.6 kyr、413 kyr 和 2.31 Myr 的周期变化，而近日点相对于赤道的自转周期不均匀，从 13.8 到 41.8 kyr 不等。这些周期也可以在倾斜度和日照的变化中找到。考虑了地球纬度上夏季和冬季热量半年以及三个不同（现代、最冷和最暖）时代的日照分布。夏季和年日照的最大变化发生在高纬度地区。考虑了过去 20 Myr 的最冷和最热时期的统计数据。平均而言，每 1 Myr 可以有六个这样的时期；它们的数量在不安静的时间间隔内可以达到 10 个，在安静的时间间隔内可以减少到 2 个。分析了海洋沉积物中氧同位素 18O 含量的测量结果。根据前一理论和新理论，18O的含量与地球日照的变化不一致；此外，18O 的变化与已知的古气候变化不一致。对放射性同位素以及石笋和冰芯中 18O 的短期变化的分析表明，海洋沉积物中 18O 的变化可能是由地球大气中 18O 含量的变化引起的，而不是由气候波动引起的。