The main focus in biodiversity is to conserve species diversity with specific emphasis on endemic species. This study has analysed the distribution of endemic floral and faunal species and their representativeness in protected areas of India. The number of endemic species has been estimated as 29787 (30.35%) and 12696 (26.33%) of Indian fauna and flora respectively. Overall, 2055 animal species and 1983 plant species were discovered from India from 2009 to 2018. The number of new distributional records to India reported during the last decade is 1242 species of plants and 1086 species of animals. The species discovery data indicate that there are more species yet to be described. According to the Cramer coefficients, the elevation was strongly correlated with endemism, followed by precipitation, temperature, land cover, and biogeographic zone. The study of endemic floral and faunal species including new species and protected areas provides the first prototype national gap analysis in assessing the representativeness of coverage of protected areas. The patterns of geographic distribution of endemic species and the gap analysis present a novel finding for conservation priorities. The highest number of new species was discovered from protected areas i.e. Periyar, Mundathurai, Khangchendzonga, Mehao, Thattekadu Bird, Eravikulam, Mukurthi, Saddle Peak, Malabar, and Anamalai. Although the total area protected is significant in India, their geographic coverage is almost the contrary to patterns of endemism. The results provide a valued direction for the advancement of management strategies for biodiversity conservation.

生物多样性的主要重点是保护物种多样性，特别是地方特有物种。这项研究分析了印度保护区特有花卉和动物种类的分布及其代表性。据估计，印度动植物的特有物种数量分别为29787（30.35％）和12696（26.33％）。总体而言，从2009年到2018年，从印度发现了205​​5种动物物种和1983种植物物种。最近十年来，印度对印度的新分布记录数量为1242种植物和1086种动物。物种发现数据表明还有更多物种需要描述。根据Cramer系数，海拔高度与地方性紧密相关，其次是降水，温度，土地覆盖和生物地理区域。对包括新物种和保护区在内的特有花卉和动物物种的研究为评估保护区覆盖范围的代表性提供了第一个原型国家差距分析。特有物种的地理分布模式和差距分析为保护优先重点提出了新的发现。从保护区发现了最多的新物种，这些保护区是Periyar，Mundathurai，Khangchendzonga，Mehao，Thattekadu Bird，Eravikulam，Mukurthi，Saddle Peak，Malabar和Anamalai。尽管在印度受保护的总面积很大，但其地理覆盖范围几乎与特有模式相反。研究结果为生物多样性保护管理战略的发展提供了有价值的方向。