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DNA Methylation Dynamics in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Challenged With High Temperature and Moderate Hypoxia
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.604878
Anne Beemelmanns , Laia Ribas , Dafni Anastasiadi , Javier Moraleda-Prados , Fábio S. Zanuzzo , Matthew L. Rise , A. Kurt Gamperl

The marine environment is predicted to become warmer and more hypoxic, and these conditions may become a challenge for marine fish species. Phenotypically plastic responses facilitating acclimatization to changing environments can be mediated by DNA methylation through the modulation of gene expression. To investigate whether temperature and hypoxia exposure induce DNA methylation changes, we challenged post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to increasing temperatures (12 → 20°C, 1°C week–1) under normoxia or moderate hypoxia (∼70% air saturation) and compared responses in the liver after 3 days or 4 weeks at 20°C. DNA methylation was studied in six genes related to temperature stress (cirbp, serpinh1), oxidative stress (prdx6, ucp2), apoptosis (jund), and metabolism (pdk3). Here, we report that exposure to high temperature, alone or combined with hypoxia, affected the methylation of CpG sites within different genomic regulatory elements around the transcription start of these temperature/hypoxia biomarker genes. Yet, we uncovered distinct CpG methylation profiles for each treatment group, indicating that each environmental condition may induce different epigenetic signatures. These CpG methylation responses were strongly dependent on the duration of stress exposure, and we found reversible, but also persistent, CpG methylation changes after 4 weeks of exposure to 20°C. Further, several of these changes in CpG methylation correlated with transcriptional changes, and thus, can be considered as regulatory epigenetic marks (epimarkers). Our study provides insights into the dynamic associations between CpG methylation and transcript expression in Atlantic salmon, and suggests that this epigenetic mechanism may mediate physiological acclimation to short-term and long-term environmental changes.

中文翻译:

大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salar) 面临高温和中度缺氧的 DNA 甲基化动力学

预计海洋环境将变得更加温暖和缺氧,这些条件可能成为海洋鱼类的挑战。促进适应不断变化的环境的表型塑性反应可以通过 DNA 甲基化通过基因表达的调节来介导。为了研究温度和缺氧暴露是否会诱导 DNA 甲基化变化,我们在常氧或中度缺氧(~70% 空气)下挑战大西洋鲑鱼(Salmo salar)提高温度(12 → 20°C,1°C 周-1)饱和度)并比较 20°C 下 3 天或 4 周后肝脏的反应。在与温度应激(cirbp、serpinh1)、氧化应激(prdx6、ucp2)、细胞凋亡(jund)和代谢(pdk3)相关的六个基因中研究了 DNA 甲基化。在这里,我们报告说暴露在高温下,单独或与缺氧结合,影响这些温度/缺氧生物标志物基因转录开始周围不同基因组调控元件内 CpG 位点的甲基化。然而,我们发现了每个治疗组的不同 CpG 甲基化谱,表明每种环境条件可能会诱导不同的表观遗传特征。这些 CpG 甲基化反应强烈依赖于压力暴露的持续时间,我们发现在暴露于 20°C 4 周后,CpG 甲基化变化是可逆的,但也是持久的。此外,CpG 甲基化中的一些变化与转录变化相关,因此可以被视为调节表观遗传标记(epimarkers)。我们的研究提供了对大西洋鲑鱼中 CpG 甲基化与转录本表达之间动态关联的见解,
更新日期:2021-01-14
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