Abstract In the recent decades, traditional concrete poses a great challenge to the modernization of the construction industry because of low tensile strength, poor toughness, and weak resistance to cracking. To overcome these problems, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) with superior mechanical properties and durability is developed for broad application prospect in the future engineering construction. However, UHPC is less eco-friendly because it consumes more cement compared with the traditional concrete. The manufacturing of cement produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and therefore leads to the greenhouse effect. Nanomaterials consist of microstructural features that range from 0.1 to 100 nm in size, which exhibit the novel properties different from their bulk counterparts, including filling effect, surface activity, and environmental sustainability. This paper reviews the effect of various nanomaterials used in UHPC to partially replace the cement or as an additive on the microstructures, mechanical properties, and other properties of UHPC. In addition, the limitations and shortcomings of the current research are analyzed and summarized, and development directions are provided for future research on the application of nanomaterials in UHPC.

中文翻译：

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纳米材料在超高性能混凝土中的应用：综述

摘要 近几十年来，传统混凝土由于抗拉强度低、韧性差、抗裂能力弱，给建筑业的现代化建设带来了巨大挑战。为了克服这些问题，开发了具有优异力学性能和耐久性的超高性能混凝土（UHPC），在未来的工程建设中具有广阔的应用前景。然而，UHPC 的环保性较差，因为与传统混凝土相比，它消耗更多的水泥。水泥的生产会产生大量的二氧化碳，因此会导致温室效应。纳米材料由尺寸范围为 0.1 到 100 nm 的微结构特征组成，它们表现出不同于其本体对应物的新特性，包括填充效应、表面活性、和环境可持续性。本文综述了用于 UHPC 的各种纳米材料部分替代水泥或作为添加剂对 UHPC 的微观结构、机械性能和其他性能的影响。此外，对当前研究的局限性和不足进行了分析和总结，为未来纳米材料在UHPC中的应用研究提供了发展方向。