The current study investigates cross-linguistic influence of second language (L2) learning on native language (L1) processing of morphosyntactic variation in proficient L2 learners immersed in their L1. Despite Spanish pre- and postverbal clitic pronoun positions being grammatical in complex verb phrases, preferences of use have been well attested in naturalistic language production. To examine whether those preferences obtain for comprehension in monolinguals, as well as how those preferences might be modulated by learning an L2 with fixed pronoun positions, we administered a self-paced reading experiment to 20 Spanish monolinguals as well as 22 proficient learners English (L1 Spanish). The results of a Bayesian mixed effects regression analysis suggest that preferences in production are echoed in comprehension—but only for the monolingual group. We find support for facilitation in the bilingual group precisely where both languages overlap, as well as evidence that bilinguals may not use clitic position as a reliable cue at all. We interpret the results as evidence that learning an L2 that lacks variation for a particular feature may lead to reduced sensitivity to that feature as a cue in an analogous L1 structure. We situate these results in an experience-based, shared-syntax account of language processing.

中文翻译：

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L1 处理形态句法变异的跨语言影响：来自 L2 学习者的证据

目前的研究调查了第二语言 (L2) 学习对沉浸在 L1 中的熟练 L2 学习者的母语 (L1) 形态句法变异处理的跨语言影响。尽管西班牙语前和后动词的附着代词位置在复杂的动词短语中是合乎语法的，但使用偏好已在自然主义语言生产中得到充分证明。为了检查这些偏好是否能在单语中获得理解，以及这些偏好如何通过学习具有固定代词位置的 L2 来调节，我们对 20 名西班牙语单语者和 22 名熟练的英语学习者（L1西班牙语）。贝叶斯混合效应回归分析的结果表明，生产中的偏好在理解中得到回应——但仅限于单语组。我们在双语组中找到了对促进的支持，这正是两种语言重叠的地方，以及双语者可能根本不会使用附着体位置作为可靠线索的证据。我们将结果解释为证据表明，学习缺乏特定特征变化的 L2 可能会导致对该特征作为类似 L1 结构中的线索的敏感性降低。我们将这些结果置于基于经验的、共享语法的语言处理帐户中。