The literature shows disparities in how fundamental systems engineering concepts in the area of requirements engineering, such as stakeholder needs, system requirements, requirements elicitation, requirements derivation, and requirements decomposition, are used within the communities‐of‐practice and in research. Such disparities can lead to conceptual and application inconsistencies, which have been shown to contribute to the formulation of poor requirements. In this paper, such concepts are articulated using systems theory as the underlying theoretical framework. The concepts of problem space, solution space, open system, and closed system are central to this work. It is argued that the proposed articulations facilitate avoiding usage disparity, ultimately resulting in better formulation of requirements. These articulations are supported by in‐depth examples that comprehensively cover different types of needs and requirements, and provide step‐by‐step insights into how elicitation, derivation, and decomposition occur within a problem formulation effort.

中文翻译：

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利益相关者需求和系统需求的系统理论阐述

文献表明在需求工程领域中如何使用基本系统工程概念（如利益相关者需求，系统需求，需求引发，需求推导和需求分解）之间的差异，它们是在实践社区和研究中如何使用的。这种差异可能导致概念上和应用程序上的不一致，这已被证明有助于制定较差的要求。在本文中，使用系统理论作为基础理论框架阐明了这些概念。问题空间，解决方案空间，开放系统和封闭系统的概念是这项工作的核心。有人认为，提出的明确表述有助于避免用法差异，最终导致更好地提出要求。