The Aral Sea Basin in Central Asia is an important geographical environment unit in the center of Eurasia. It is of great significance to the ecological protection and sustainable development of Central Asia to carry out dynamic monitoring and effective evaluation of the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin. In this study, the arid remote sensing ecological index (ARSEI) for large-scale arid areas was developed, which coupled the information of the greenness index, the salinity index, the humidity index, the heat index, and the land degradation index of arid areas. The ARSEI was used to monitor and evaluate the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin from 2000 to 2019. The results show that the greenness index, the humidity index and the land degradation index had a positive impact on the quality of the ecological environment in the Aral Sea Basin, while the salinity index and the heat index exerted a negative impact on the quality of the ecological environment. The eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin demonstrated a trend of initial improvement, followed by deterioration, and finally further improvement. The spatial variation of these changes was significant. From 2000 to 2019, grassland and wasteland (saline alkali land and sandy land) in the central and western parts of the basin had the worst ecological environment quality. The areas with poor ecological environment quality are mainly distributed in rivers, wetlands, and cultivated land around lakes. During the period from 2000 to 2019, except for the surrounding areas of the Aral Sea, the ecological environment quality in other areas of the Aral Sea Basin has been improved in general. The correlation coefficients between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the heat index and between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the humidity index were −0.593 and 0.524, respectively. Climate conditions and human activities have led to different combinations of heat and humidity changes in the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin. However, human activities had a greater impact. The ARSEI can quantitatively and intuitively reflect the scale and causes of large-scale and long-time period changes of the eco-environmental quality in arid areas; it is very suitable for the study of the eco-environmental quality in arid areas.

中文翻译：

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干旱区大尺度遥感生态指数的建立及其在咸海盆地的应用

中亚咸海盆地是欧亚大陆中部重要的地理环境单元。对咸海盆地生态环境质量进行动态监测和有效评价，对中亚地区的生态保护和可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究开发了大尺度干旱区干旱遥感生态指数（ARSEI），它耦合了干旱区的绿度指数、盐度指数、湿度指数、热量指数和土地退化指数等信息。领域。利用ARSEI对咸海流域2000—2019年生态环境质量进行监测评价。结果表明，绿度指数、湿度指数和土地退化指数对咸海盆地生态环境质量有正向影响，盐度指数和热度指数对生态环境质量有负面影响。咸海流域生态环境质量呈现先改善后恶化，再进一步改善的趋势。这些变化的空间变化是显着的。2000—2019年，流域中西部的草地和荒地（盐碱地和沙地）生态环境质量最差。生态环境质量较差的地区主要分布在河流、湿地和湖泊周围的耕地。2000 年至 2019 年期间，除咸海周边地区外，咸海盆地其他地区生态环境质量总体改善。生态环境质量变化与热指数、生态环境质量变化与湿度指数的相关系数分别为-0.593和0.524。气候条件和人类活动导致咸海盆地生态环境质量发生热湿变化的不同组合。然而，人类活动的影响更大。ARSEI能够定量、直观地反映干旱区生态环境质量大范围、长期变化的规模和成因；非常适合干旱地区生态环境质量的研究。