Since 2016 an unelected government has controlled Brazil’s federal administration and pursued an agenda that directs resources away from broadly popular social programs and toward agro-industrial development projects that benefit powerful landholders (who are often referred to as “producers” or produtores). Amazonian landholders defend these policies as necessary to promote agro-industrial growth, which purportedly benefits Brazil as a whole. Herein we see the authoritarian-populist logic in operation that excludes a majority of people in the name of benefiting a minority that is said to represent all “the people.” To devise and implement alternatives to such a situation, the grassroots non-governmental organization Instituto Ouro Verde (IOV) advances agro-ecological programs in support of “agricultores”: people who collectively recompose damaged ecologies to create conditions hospitable to a wide range of humans and nonhumans. Recent scholarship on authoritarian populism tends to focus on the performances and declarations by which those excluded from official figurations of “the people” make for themselves a way into spaces of political discussion. IOV programs remind us that, in Amazonia, the construction of “a people” never takes place in an ecological vacuum. Beyond declarations and performances, agricultores become a people by creating ecological conditions in which their claims may flourish.

中文翻译：

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在亚马逊地区培育专制民粹主义的替代品

由于2016年非民选的政府已经控制巴西联邦政府和追求，引导从广泛流行的社交节目资源而朝向有利于强大的地主（谁是通常被称为“生产者”或produtores）农工业发展项目的议程。亚马逊土地所有者捍卫了这些政策，以促进农业工业发展，据称这对整个巴西有利。在这里，我们看到了在运作中的专制民粹主义逻辑，它以使代表所有“人民”的少数人受益的名义排斥多数人。为了设计和实施这种情况的替代方案，基层的非政府组织欧鲁佛得角研究所（IOV）提出了支持“农民”的农业生态计划：集体重组受损的生态系统以创造适合广泛人类和非人类的环境的人们。最近关于威权主义民粹主义的学术研究倾向于集中在表演和宣言上，通过这些表演和宣言，那些被排除在“人民”的官方形象之外的人们自己进入政治讨论空间。IOV计划提醒我们，在亚马孙地区，“人民”的建设永远不会在生态真空中进行。除了宣言和表演外，农民还通过创造生态条件使人们成为一个民族，在这种生态条件下他们的主张可能会蓬勃发展。最近关于威权主义民粹主义的学术研究倾向于集中在表演和宣言上，通过这些表演和宣言，那些被排除在“人民”的官方形象之外的人们自己进入政治讨论空间。IOV计划提醒我们，在亚马孙地区，“人民”的建设永远不会在生态真空中进行。除了宣言和表演外，农民还通过创造生态条件使人们成为一个民族，在这种生态条件下他们的主张可能会蓬勃发展。最近关于威权主义民粹主义的学术研究倾向于集中在表演和宣言上，通过这些表演和宣言，那些被排除在“人民”的官方形象之外的人们自己进入政治讨论空间。IOV计划提醒我们，在亚马孙地区，“人民”的建设永远不会在生态真空中进行。除了宣言和表演外，农民还通过创造生态条件使人们成为人们的家喻户晓。