In April 2019, Waorani people in Amazonian Ecuador won a key legal battle against plans to sell oil concessions on their indigenous territory. I analyze their engagements with oil as part of an emerging eco-political “middle ground” characterized by Waorani men working for oil companies and new alliances against oil extraction.Waorani activists lament not the violation of a pristine natural environment separate from themselves and in need of conservation, but instead threats to the qualities of Waorani land (wao öme) that allow people and other beings to “live well.” In the context of generational changes, their engagement in environmental politics involves translating and moving between different conceptions of indigenous land. While becoming environmental citizens evokes discourses of nature, culture, and stereotypes of Amazonian people as natural conservationists, current eco-political alliances are based as much on close working relationships with outsiders as symbolic politics. In this context, some Waorani engage productively across different understandings of their territory and its conservation to challenge oil. This middle ground under construction shows that indigenous concepts like wao öme (Waorani land) are not fixed in opposition to “the West” but are integral to thoughtful and strategic engagement in contemporary environmental politics. [Amazonia, middle ground, extractive economies, oil, translation,

中文翻译：

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“我们的土地不出售！” 亚马逊厄瓜多尔的石油竞争和环境政治翻译

2019年4月，亚马逊厄瓜多尔的Waorani人在反对在其本国领土上出售石油特许权的计划上赢得了关键的法律斗争。我分析了他们与石油的接触，这是新兴的生态政治“中间地带”的一部分，其中以瓦拉尼人为石油公司工作和建立新的反对采油联盟为特征。保护，但是威胁到沃拉尼土地（waoöme）的品质，使人和其他生物“生活得很好”。在世代变迁的背景下，他们参与环境政治需要在不同的土著土地概念之间进行转换和转移。成为环境公民时，人们会联想到自然，文化，以及亚马逊人作为自然保护主义者的陈规定型观念，当前的生态政治联盟与象征性政治一样，都建立在与外界的紧密合作关系基础上。在这种情况下，一些瓦拉尼人以富有成效的方式参与了对其领土及其保护的各种不同理解，以挑战石油。正在建设的这种中间立场表明，瓦奥姆（Waorani土地）之类的本土概念并非与“西方”相对立，而是在当代环境政治中进行周密和战略性参与所不可或缺的。[亚马逊，中间地带，采掘经济，石油，翻译，一些瓦奥拉尼（Waorani）富有成效地参与了对其领土及其保护的不同理解，以挑战石油。正在建设的中间立场表明，瓦奥姆（Waorani土地）之类的本土概念并非与“西方”相对立，而是在当代环境政治中进行周密和战略性参与所不可或缺的。[亚马逊，中间地带，采掘经济，石油，翻译，一些瓦奥拉尼（Waorani）富有成效地参与了对其领土及其保护的不同理解，以挑战石油。正在建设的这种中间立场表明，瓦奥姆（Waorani土地）之类的本土概念并非与“西方”相对立，而是在当代环境政治中进行周密和战略性参与所不可或缺的。[亚马逊，中间地带，采掘经济，石油，翻译，