The history of the present time is a recent field of historiography but today finds itself in a key position in the public conversations of many countries. From this foundation, the historian Henry Rousso retraces in his book The Latest Catastrophe a genealogy of writing about this history from antiquity to today in order to better identify the unique characteristics of this field, which has its origins in the catastrophes of the twentieth century, first among them the Holocaust, deemed “the latest catastrophe.” These reflections on the writing of history and contemporaneity are an opportunity for us to question the presence of the Second World War in today's societies. Instead of a reading of this presence focused on the catastrophe's long effects, we propose the hypothesis of the “becoming of the event” reformulated by the social changes that have intervened since 1960 in Western societies. By postulating the past first as an “absent thing” (Ricoeur) that historical narratives refigure, we insist on the role of a discontinuous and heterogeneous present in the narrative mediations that reconstitute historical facts and the meanings they offer. Starting from this interactive approach between the past and present, a reading is possible about the future of the Second World War that is interwoven with the social changes of the last third of the twentieth century. This period is characterized by the intervention of new actors and new technical, institutional, and judicial structures, broadly cultural, in the memorialization of this past. Its reconstitution by the media into a new reality is another important fact. Moreover, a compassionate link to the past is now retold publicly, a change that is helped by the emergence of victimhood as a new social category that engenders action for the rights to reparations for endured prejudices that rewrote traditional national narratives. Finally, an evolution of memorial politics founded on a preventive understanding of the past, witness of a new historicity, is more significantly inscribed in the consciousness of internal threats to societies (nuclear, environmental) and consequently in the expansion of the politics of risk‐prevention.

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过去的事件

当前的历史是史学的一个新领域，但今天在许多国家的公共对话中处于重要地位。历史学家亨利·鲁索（Henry Rousso）在此基础上回顾了他的《最新灾难》一书为了更好地确定这一领域的独特特征，撰写了一段有关从上古到今天的历史的家谱，该领域的起源起源于20世纪的灾难，首先是被认为是“最新灾难”的大屠杀。这些对历史和当代写作的反思为我们提供了一个质疑第二次世界大战在当今社会中的存在的机会。我们没有将这种存在的关注重点放在灾难的长期影响上，而是提出了一种假设，即“事件的到来”的假设是由1960年以来西方社会介入的社会变革所重新定义的。通过将过去首先假定为历史叙述所反映的“缺席”（Ricoeur），我们坚持说，在叙述性调解中，不连续和异质存在的作用重构了历史事实及其提供的含义。从过去和现在之间的这种互动方式开始，有可能对第二次世界大战的未来进行阅读，第二次世界大战与二十世纪后半叶的社会变化交织在一起。这一时期的特点是，在纪念过去的过程中，新的参与者和新的技术，机构和司法结构，广泛地是文化的干预。媒体将其重构为新现实是另一个重要事实。而且，与过去的同情纽带现已公开转载，这一变化得益于受害人身份的出现，使之成为一种新的社会类别，促使人们采取行动，要求对传统民族叙事进行改写的持久偏见获得赔偿。最后，基于对过去的预防性理解，新历史性的见证而进行的纪念政治的演变，更重要地体现在对社会（核，环境）内部威胁的意识中，并因此导致了风险政治的扩张。预防。