Drug markets are typically portrayed as male dominated, with men occupying the higher positions and women fulfilling the lower positions. Yet, the results of recent work highlight how women's participation and experiences in drug economies varies by the structure and organization of the specific market. We focus on the shake‐and‐bake (“shake”) methamphetamine (meth) market, which seems to have emerged mainly in response to legal attempts to curtail methamphetamine production. We explore how women adapt to structural changes and how they perform gender to navigate a market in which the focus is on personal consumption instead of on monetary gain. By relying on semistructured interviews with 40 women who cooked meth, we identify the gendered strategies they adopt and how these coincide with their position in the drug market. Cooking roles took three forms (partner, lead, and team), and each role was characterized by distinct patterns of gender performance and autonomy (emphasized femininity, matriarchal control, and gender neutral). We show that certain market conditions allow for increased participation among women in meth manufacturing. Yet, even within favorable conditions, variability remains in women's positions and gender performances. The findings highlight the role of organizational and legal context in shaping both the roles women adopt in drug markets and the ways they perform gender.

中文翻译：

---

“时代改变了，涂料改变了”：在摇晃的甲基苯丙胺市场中女性的烹饪角色和性别表现*

通常将毒品市场描绘成男性占主导地位，男性占据较高的位置，女性担任较低的位置。但是，最近的工作结果表明，妇女在毒品经济中的参与和经验如何随特定市场的结构和组织而变化。我们将重点放在摇晃（“摇晃”）甲基苯丙胺（甲基）市场上，该市场的出现似乎主要是为了响应减少甲基苯丙胺生产的法律尝试。我们将探讨女性如何适应结构性变化，以及她们如何实现性别导向市场，该市场侧重于个人消费而非金钱收益。通过对40名煮过甲基苯丙胺的女性进行半结构化访谈，我们确定了他们采用的性别策略以及这些策略如何与她们在毒品市场中的地位相吻合。烹饪角色采用三种形式（合作伙伴，领导和团队），每个角色的特征都在于性别表现和自主权的不同模式（强调女性气质，母系控制和性别中立）。我们表明，某些市场条件使妇女在甲基苯丙氨酸制造业中的参与度增加。但是，即使在有利的条件下，妇女的职位和性别表现仍然存在差异。调查结果强调了组织和法律背景在塑造女性在毒品市场中所扮演的角色以及她们实现性别的方式中的作用。我们表明，某些市场条件使妇女在甲基苯丙氨酸制造业中的参与度增加。然而，即使在有利的条件下，妇女的职位和性别表现仍然存在差异。调查结果强调了组织和法律背景在塑造女性在毒品市场中所扮演的角色以及她们实现性别的方式中的作用。我们表明，某些市场条件使妇女在甲基苯丙氨酸制造业中的参与度增加。但是，即使在有利的条件下，妇女的职位和性别表现仍然存在差异。调查结果强调了组织和法律背景在塑造女性在毒品市场中所扮演的角色以及她们实现性别的方式中的作用。