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Consequences of mental and physical health for reentry and recidivism: Toward a health‐based model of desistance*
Criminology ( IF 6.667 ) Pub Date : 2019-06-10 , DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12213
Nathan W. Link 1 , Jeffrey T. Ward 2 , Richard Stansfield 1
Affiliation  

During the last few decades, criminologists have identified several adult roles and statuses, including employment, positive family relations, and economic stability, as critical for promoting successful reintegration and desistance. Very few researchers, however, have investigated the conditions that serve to bring about these transitions and successes crucial for behavior change. As a complement to a burgeoning amount of literature on the impact of incarceration on health, we emphasize the reverse: Health has important implications for reentry outcomes and reincarceration. Informed by multiple disciplines, we advance a health‐based model of desistance in which both mental and physical dimensions of health affect life chances in the employment and family realms and ultimately recidivism. Investigating this issue with longitudinal data from the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) and structural equation models, we find overall support for the health‐based model of desistance. Our results indicate several significant pathways through which both manifestations of health influence employment, family conflict, financial problems, and crime and reincarceration. The findings highlight the need for implementation of correctional and transitional policies to improve health among the incarcerated and avert health‐related reentry failures.

中文翻译:

折返和累犯的身心健康后果:建立基于健康的戒断模型*

在过去的几十年中,犯罪学家确定了几种成人角色和身份,包括就业,积极的家庭关系和经济稳定,对于促进成功的重新融合和戒断至关重要。但是,很少有研究人员调查过导致这些转变和成功对于行为改变至关重要的条件。作为对关于监禁对健康影响的大量新兴文献的补充,我们强调相反的观点:健康对折返结果和再入狱具有重要意义。在多个学科的指导下,我们提出了一种基于健康的抵制模型,其中,健康的身心因素都会影响就业和家庭领域的生活机会,并最终导致累犯。使用来自严重和暴力犯罪者再进入倡议(SVORI)的纵向数据和结构方程模型来研究此问题,我们发现基于健康的制止模型得到了整体支持。我们的研究结果表明,健康的表现会影响就业,家庭冲突,经济问题以及犯罪和再监禁的几种重要途径。调查结果强调了必须实施纠正和过渡政策以改善被监禁和避免的与健康有关的再入院失败者的健康状况。财务问题,犯罪和转监。调查结果强调了必须实施纠正和过渡政策以改善被监禁和避免的与健康有关的再入院失败者的健康。财务问题,犯罪和监禁。调查结果强调了必须实施纠正和过渡政策以改善被监禁和避免的与健康有关的再入院失败者的健康。
更新日期:2019-06-10
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