The 2011 Bangkok floods, a slow onset event, flooded significant parts of the city. The state's response to flooding followed a traditional cultural and hierarchical approach to justice within Thailand, stemming from Buddhist values, an informal caste system and monarchical order. This resulted in a spatially uneven outcome, with the ‘preservation’ of the central city and two‐month‐long floods in outer suburbs, exacerbated by inadequate management and coordination. Suburban communities sought a more egalitarian notion of disaster justice, with hazard burdens shared more equitably and people having adequate access to decision‐making over the distribution of disaster risk and compensation for damage. Extensive damage, and reduced livelihoods, caused friction between the two views, and protests, contestations and conflicts during the floods, in four different community contexts in northern Bangkok. By generating alternative discourses, challenging the hierarchical notion of justice and taking direct action to removing floodwalls, protesters sought to reshape the spatiality of the floodwater and claim inclusive citizenship and their right to the city. Existing perceptions of disaster justice, usually focused on liberal state responses to understanding disasters as natural episodes, are alone inadequate to explain the outcomes of and responses to disasters in different cultural contexts.

中文翻译：

---

2011年曼谷洪灾期间关于灾难司法的有争议概念：风险，动荡和对城市的要求不平等

2011年的曼谷洪水是一个缓慢发作的事件，洪水淹没了这座城市的大部分地区。国家对洪灾的反应遵循了泰国内部传统的文化和等级制正义法，其源于佛教价值观，非正式的种姓制度和君主制。这导致了空间上的不均衡结果，对中心城市的“保护”和在郊区的长达两个月的洪水，由于管理和协调不足而加剧了。郊区社区寻求更加公平的灾难司法概念，更加公平地分配灾害负担，人们在分配灾害风险和赔偿损失方面有足够的决策权。洪水泛滥造成的破坏和生计减少，造成了两种观点之间的摩擦，以及洪水期间的抗议，争斗和冲突，在曼谷北部的四个不同社区环境中。抗议者通过产生替代性话语，挑战正义的等级观念并采取直接行动消除防洪墙，试图重塑洪水的空间并主张具有包容性的公民权及其对城市的权利。现有的关于灾害正义的认识通常集中在自由国家对将灾害理解为自然事件的反应上，不足以解释不同文化背景下的灾害后果和对灾害的反应。抗议者试图重塑洪水的空间，要求具有包容性的公民权和他们对城市的权利。现有的关于灾害正义的认识通常集中在自由国家对将灾害理解为自然事件的反应上，不足以解释不同文化背景下的灾害后果和对灾害的反应。抗议者试图重塑洪水的空间，要求具有包容性的公民权和他们对城市的权利。现有的关于灾害正义的认识通常集中在自由国家对将灾害理解为自然事件的反应上，不足以解释不同文化背景下的灾害后果和对灾害的反应。