Since the introduction of portable X‐ray fluorescence (pXRF) technology to obsidian provenance research, the volume of published studies has increased exponentially. This proliferation of data creates unprecedented analytic opportunities for the development of higher level archaeological theory but, at the same time, presents methodological challenges. Here, it is argued that rigorous analytic procedures are required to keep pXRF‐based provenance studies in line with the best scientific practice; specifically, the generation of accurate compositional data, the compilation of comprehensive reference databases for robust source characterisation and the development of appropriate methods for artefact assignment are essential components of a reliable protocol. To these ends, a reference dataset for New Zealand obsidians containing over 1500 samples is reported in this paper, previous source assignment methods are reviewed and a selection of multivariate approaches are evaluated.

中文翻译：

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关于新西兰黑曜石的物源研究：基于pXRF的地球化学参考数据集和分析方法的综述

自从便携式X射线荧光（pXRF）技术引入黑曜石来源研究以来，已发表研究的数量呈指数增长。数据的扩散为高级考古学理论的发展创造了空前的分析机会，但同时也带来了方法论上的挑战。在这里，有人认为需要严格的分析程序来使基于pXRF的来源研究与最佳科学实践保持一致。具体而言，准确组成数据的生成，用于可靠来源表征的全面参考数据库的汇编以及用于伪像分配的适当方法的开发是可靠协议的重要组成部分。为此，