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Imperialism, Internationalism, and Archaeology in the Un/Making of the Middle East
American Anthropologist ( IF 3.139 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 , DOI: 10.1111/aman.13413
Lynn Meskell 1
Affiliation  

Archaeological materialities and imaginaries have been deeply entwined in colonial rivalries and struggles for self‐determination that have lasting legacies across the Middle East. Neoimperial ambitions and conflict over territory, religion, oil, and antiquities have similarly been accompanied by heritage claims and the rhetoric of high cultural humanism. Throughout the twentieth century, foreign occupation and military adventurism emboldened archaeological elites, including Hogarth, Kenyon, Lawrence, Woolley, and Bell, to implement expansive new designs for a one‐world archaeology. Whether situated in London or Jerusalem, Western archaeologists were instrumental in the colonial carve‐up that extended to historical sites, concessions, collections, and even the creation of new states, often working through international agencies, such as the League of Nations and UNESCO, under a banner of salvage and uplift. The connected histories of archaeology, espionage, and the end of empire have cast a long shadow, prompting deeper analysis of archaeologists’ role as participants and beneficiaries. It is thus timely to reconsider disciplinary histories and interventions—from the colonial era through two World Wars to recent regional conflicts with the attendant international responses—and to interrogate archaeology's century‐old ambitions and practices that are replicated in new technics of “oversight.” [espionage, war, archaeology, military‐industrial‐academic complex, Middle East]

中文翻译:

中东崛起/帝国主义,国际主义和考古学

考古学的物质性和想象力与殖民地的竞争和为争取自决权而进行的斗争紧密地交织在一起,这些斗争在整个中东都具有持久的遗产。新帝国主义的野心和对领土,宗教,石油和文物的冲突也伴随着对遗产的要求和高度文化人文主义的言论。在整个20世纪,外国占领和军事冒险主义鼓舞了包括Hogarth,Ken​​yon,Lawrence,Woolley和Bell在内的考古精英,以实现针对一个世界的考古学的广泛的新设计。不论是位于伦敦还是耶路撒冷,西方考古学家都在殖民地雕刻中发挥了作用,这些雕刻经常通过国际机构开展工作,扩展到历史遗迹,特许权,藏品甚至建立新的州,例如国际联盟和教科文组织,其旗帜是打捞和抬升。考古学,间谍活动和帝国灭亡之间的联系历史铸就了长长的阴影,促使人们对考古学家作为参与者和受益者的作用进行更深入的分析。因此,现在是时候重新考虑学科的历史和干预了,从殖民时代到两次世界大战,再到最近的地区冲突以及随之而来的国际反应,并审视考古学百年的野心和做法,这些野心和做法在新的“监督”技术中得以复制。[ 因此,现在是时候重新考虑学科的历史和干预了,从殖民时代到两次世界大战,再到最近的地区冲突以及随之而来的国际反应,并审视考古学百年的野心和做法,这些野心和做法在新的“监督”技术中得以复制。[ 因此,现在是时候重新考虑学科的历史和干预了,从殖民时代到两次世界大战,再到最近的地区冲突以及随之而来的国际反应,并审视考古学百年的野心和做法,这些野心和做法在新的“监督”技术中得以复制。[间谍,战争,考古,军事工业学术综合体,中东]
更新日期:2020-06-10
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