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Innovative Housing Policy Tools for Local Governments in Shrinking Communities with a Large Share of Privately Owned Apartments: a Case Study of Valga, Estonia
Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences ( IF 0.892 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-20 , DOI: 10.24193/tras.si2019.7
Jiří TINTĚRA ,

Shrinking communities face a myriad num­ber of problems. The physical manifestation of urban shrinkage can best be noted in abandoned or underutilized properties, an oversupply or de­teriorating housing stock and inadequate aging infrastructure. These physical manifestations lead to psychological impacts of poor percep­tion of a community, lack of a sense of place, lethargic residents who lack the financial means or motivation to improve their living conditions. Planning for the regeneration and rightsizing of shrinking communities calls for intervention by government sectors. Valga is a small town in Estonia where housing vacancies, low quality of residential premises and the shortage of quality apartments are the result of decades of depop­ulation. As a result of housing privatization after the collapse of the Soviet Union, a large majori­ty of the dwellings are privately owned. Housing demolitions and revitalization are a key part of the small town’s strategy to deal with shrinkage. This paper addresses the question: in an area of urban shrinkage, what kind of housing policy can local government create in the conditions of prevailing private ownership of residential prem­ises? Drawing on a qualitative case study of the town of Valga, the findings show that housing policy plays an important role in urban recovery for a shrinking community and the leadership ca­pacity of local government in this process is crit­ical. Ownership constrains in housing policy can be overcome but the lack of municipal finance and human resources together with insufficient legislation and missing cooperation with the pri­vate sector impedes the process.

中文翻译:

地方政府在缩减拥有大量私人公寓的社区中所使用的创新性住房政策工具:以爱沙尼亚瓦尔加为例

萎缩的社区面临着无数的问题。城市萎缩的实际表现最好是在废弃或未充分利用的房地产,住房供过于求或恶化以及基础设施不足的情况下进行。这些身体表现导致对社区的不良认识,缺乏场所感,缺乏经济能力或改善生活条件的动力的嗜睡居民的心理影响。为萎缩社区的复兴和合理化规划需要政府部门的干预。瓦尔加(Valga)是爱沙尼亚的一个小镇,那里的房屋空置,低质量的住宅房屋和优质公寓的短缺是数十年来人口减少的结果。苏联解体后住房私有化的结果是,绝大多数住宅是私人拥有。拆除房屋和恢复活力是该小镇应对萎缩战略的关键部分。本文解决了一个问题:在城市萎缩的地区,在占主导地位的住宅物业普遍拥有的条件下,地方政府可以制定什么样的住房政策?根据对瓦尔加镇的定性案例研究,研究结果表明,住房政策在城市复苏中对于日益萎缩的社区起着重要作用,而地方政府在此过程中的领导能力至关重要。可以克服住房政策中的所有权限制,但是缺乏市政资金和人力资源,加上立法不足和与私营部门的合作缺失,阻碍了这一进程。拆除房屋和恢复活力是该小镇应对萎缩战略的关键部分。本文解决了一个问题:在城市萎缩的地区,在占主导地位的住宅物业普遍拥有的条件下,地方政府可以制定什么样的住房政策?根据对瓦尔加镇的定性案例研究,研究结果表明,住房政策在城市复苏中对于日益萎缩的社区起着重要作用,而地方政府在此过程中的领导能力至关重要。可以克服住房政策中的所有权限制,但是缺乏市政资金和人力资源,加上立法不足和与私营部门的合作缺失,阻碍了这一进程。拆除房屋和恢复活力是该小镇应对萎缩战略的关键部分。本文解决了一个问题:在城市萎缩的地区,在占主导地位的住宅物业普遍拥有的条件下,地方政府可以制定什么样的住房政策?根据对瓦尔加镇的定性案例研究,研究结果表明,住房政策在城市复苏中对于萎缩的社区具有重要作用,而地方政府在此过程中的领导能力至关重要。可以克服住房政策中的所有权限制,但是缺乏市政资金和人力资源,加上立法不足和与私营部门的合作缺失,阻碍了这一进程。
更新日期:2019-12-20
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