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Russia in the Microphone Age: A History of Soviet Radio, 1919–1970. By Stephen Lovell. Oxford Studies in Modern European History. Edited by Simon Dixon, Mark Mazower, and James Retallack.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Pp. xii+238. $59.95.
The Journal of Modern History ( IF 0.833 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-01 , DOI: 10.1086/692897
Stephen M. Norris

Early in his study of radio in the USSR, Stephen Lovell quotes Rick Altman: ‘new technologies are always born nameless’ (p. 2). New technologies, that is to say, do not arrive with a self-evident purpose, and are understood initially relative to what already exists. In the case of radio, relevant prior technologies were the telegraph, the telephone and – if it can be called a technology – the public lecture. Distinctive roles for technologies emerge gradually, and through an interplay of competing perceptions. Social processes shape the emerging view of a technology, and hence technologies have legitimate national and cultural histories. Such histories contrast with the artefact-focused teleologies beloved of popular commentators.

中文翻译:

麦克风时代的俄罗斯:苏联广播的历史,1919-1970。作者:斯蒂芬·洛弗尔 牛津现代欧洲史研究。由 Simon Dixon、Mark Mazower 和 James Retallack 编辑。牛津:牛津大学出版社,2015 年。Pp。十二+238。59.95 美元。

在他对苏联无线电的早期研究中,斯蒂芬·洛弗尔引用了里克·奥特曼的话:“新技术总是生而无名”(第 2 页)。也就是说,新技术的出现并不具有不言而喻的目的,并且最初是相对于已经存在的东西来理解的。就无线电而言,相关的先有技术是电报、电话以及——如果可以称为技术——公共演讲。技术的独特作用逐渐出现,并通过相互竞争的观念相互作用。社会过程塑造了对技术的新兴观点,因此技术具有合法的国家和文化历史。这样的历史与流行评论家钟爱的以人工制品为中心的目的论形成鲜明对比。
更新日期:2017-09-01
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