This article explores the campaign for Protestant church reform in Alsace-Lorraine on the eve of the First World War. In 1909, the Lutheran Church adopted a major reform project that it asked the state to sanction; one year later the Reformed Church decided to follow suit. In these proposals, the two communities strove to redefine themselves in ways that would facilitate accomplishing their missions in contemporary times. The campaigns thus shed valuable light on how churches and faith communities were reimagining themselves as social institutions at the beginning of the twentieth century. Critically, extant law inherited from the French granted the territorial government sole authority to reform the Protestant churches, which reminds us that even circa 1900 European states remained intimately involved in religious and ecclesiastical affairs. Alsace-Lorraine’s leaders were prepared to grant the Protestant churches greater autonomy in their internal affairs, but they refused to countenance any major reworking of church-state relations, largely because this would have raised questions about the state’s prerogatives vis-à-vis the region’s Catholic Church. By mid-1913, a compromise had been reached, but the delays proved fatal. The Zabern crisis in December 1913 and the First World War soon sidelined the churches’ constitutional projects, and after 1918 the French government showed no interest in reviving them.

中文翻译：

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束缚的纽带：1890-1914 年阿尔萨斯-洛林的政教关系和新教教会改革

本文探讨了第一次世界大战前夕阿尔萨斯-洛林的新教教会改革运动。1909年，路德教会通过了一项重大改革计划，并要求国家批准；一年后，归正会决定效仿。在这些提案中，这两个社区努力以有助于在当代完成使命的方式重新定义自己。因此，这些运动为教会和信仰团体如何在 20 世纪初将自己重新构想为社会机构提供了宝贵的启示。至关重要的是，继承自法国的现行法律授予领土政府改革新教教会的唯一权力，这提醒我们，即使是大约 1900 年的欧洲国家仍然密切参与宗教和教会事务。阿尔萨斯-洛林的领导人准备授予新教教会更大的内部事务自主权，但他们拒绝支持对政教关系进行任何重大改造，主要是因为这会引发对国家相对于该地区的特权的质疑。天主教会。到 1913 年中期，双方达成了妥协，但事实证明延误是致命的。1913 年 12 月的扎伯恩危机和第一次世界大战很快使教会的宪政计划搁浅，1918 年之后，法国政府对复兴这些计划没有兴趣。主要是因为这会引发有关国家相对于该地区天主教会的特权的问题。到 1913 年中期，双方达成了妥协，但事实证明延误是致命的。1913 年 12 月的扎伯恩危机和第一次世界大战很快使教会的宪政计划搁浅，1918 年之后，法国政府对复兴这些计划没有兴趣。主要是因为这会引发有关国家相对于该地区天主教会的特权的问题。到 1913 年中期，双方达成了妥协，但事实证明延误是致命的。1913 年 12 月的扎伯恩危机和第一次世界大战很快使教会的宪政计划搁浅，1918 年之后，法国政府对复兴这些计划没有兴趣。