ABSTRACT This contribution focuses on four periods in Iceland, from the early twentieth century until the time of writing, in order to document and analyse the struggles of people with intellectual disabilities to marry, have a family and maintain custody of their children. Each period is linked to specific pieces of legislation that governed the bodies and lives of disabled people and reflected larger social norms concerning issues of family life and parenthood. An emphasis is placed upon the perspective of contemporary critical disability studies in analysing the historical development of this struggle, and the voices of those who experienced this struggle first-hand, drawn from a number of research projects conducted in Iceland. Our main contention is that the weight of history still comes to bear upon matters of parenting and family life, even in the most recent shift toward a human rights approach to disability. There remains a strong socio-cultural resistance toward parenting with an intellectual disability, rooted in the ideology of early twentieth-century eugenics. Our goal is to document the development of these phases throughout the twentieth century in Iceland in order to illustrate how older ideas and prejudices still inform contemporary child protection practices concerning parents with disabilities.

中文翻译：

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历史的重担：20世纪冰岛的儿童保护和残障父母教养

摘要从20世纪初期到撰写本报告之时，这项贡献集中在冰岛的四个时期，目的是记录和分析智障人士在婚姻，拥有家庭和维持子女监护权方面的斗争。每个时期都与管理残疾人的身体和生活的具体立法相关，并反映了有关家庭生活和父母身份问题的更大的社会规范。在分析这场斗争的历史发展时，重点放在了当代严重残疾研究的观点上，以及从冰岛进行的许多研究项目中亲身经历了这场斗争的人们的声音。我们的主要论点是，历史的重担仍然在育儿和家庭生活方面，即使是在最近朝着以人权的方式处理残疾问题的转变中也是如此。根源于20世纪早期优生学的思想观念，对于具有智力障碍的父母，仍然存在强烈的社会文化抵制。我们的目标是记录整个二十世纪冰岛这些阶段的发展情况，以说明较旧的观念和偏见如何仍然为当代有关残疾父母的儿童保护实践提供信息。