ABSTRACT A thorough study of the sources made it possible to conduct a retrospective analysis as well as outline normative and legal principles of the foster family in Poland as one of the main forms of child custody in the XX – early XXI centuries rooted in national traditions and social legacy. Foster family formation and early functioning indicate that its value depends on who is entrusted with a child to care for, what child is to be placed in foster care, what kind of support a foster family could expect, what control is exercised over it. The second half of the XX – the early XXI centuries mark the evolution of the legal and regulatory framework underlying foster care, one of the main institutional forms of child custody in Poland. It appears that the foster family provides a child with proper living conditions and a favourable environment for its education and socialisation, closest possible to those in a natural family. To this end, the state is to make sure that potential foster parents are properly trained. The development of foster care speeds up in the 1970’s and 1990’s. We have discovered that at the turn of the century, foster family functioning, provision of care and adequate conditions for a child’s development and upbringing etc. are defined by the social policy of the state. Of great significance for the international community is the Polish experience regarding the requirements for foster family candidates, children’s placement in such families, material assistance, foster parent salary calculations; the amount of money biological parents must pay for their child’s placement in a foster family. In modern Poland the foster family is an important social institution which promotes the development of a child deprived of parental care and is prioritized over other institutional forms of care.

中文翻译：

---

波兰的寄养家庭，一个监护和教育环境（XX – XXI世纪初）

摘要对来源的透彻研究使得对波兰的寄养家庭进行回顾性分析并概述了其规范和法律原则，将其作为二十一世纪至二十世纪初植根于民族传统和传统的儿童监护的主要形式之一。社会遗产。寄养家庭的形成和早期运作表明，其价值取决于谁委托谁来照顾孩子，将把什么儿童安置在寄养机构中，寄养家庭可以期望什么样的支持，对其实施何种控制。二十世纪下半叶-二十一世纪初标志着寄养的法律和监管框架的发展，寄养是波兰儿童监护的主要机构形式之一。寄养家庭似乎为孩子提供了适当的生活条件和良好的教育和社交环境，使其与自然家庭中的孩子最接近。为此，国家要确保对潜在的寄养父母进行适当的培训。在1970年代和1990年代，寄养服务的发展加快了。我们已经发现，在世纪之交，国家的社会政策规定了促进家庭运转，提供照料以及为儿童的成长和抚养提供适当条件等。对于国际社会而言，最重要的是波兰对以下方面的经验：寄养家庭候选人的要求，子女在此类家庭中的安置，物质援助，寄养父母的工资计算；亲生父母必须为子女在寄养家庭中的安置支付的金额。在现代波兰，寄养家庭是一个重要的社会机构，它促进被剥夺父母照料的儿童的成长，并被置于其他机构照料形式之上。